超导涡旋雪崩的热驱动抑制
Thermally driven inhibition of superconducting vortex avalanches
摘要：
接近临界状态的复杂系统会在它们的亚稳态之间表现出突然的转变，即雪崩。了解雪崩的发生机理并控制其行为是一项具有挑战性的任务。在这里，我们研究微波（mw）刺激雪崩在所谓的涡旋物质的第二类超导体，一个系统的相互作用Abrikosov涡接近临界（豆）状态。我们的主要发现是，雪崩孵化强烈依赖于激发频率，一个完全出乎意料的行为观察到接近所谓的脱钉频率。即，在接近临界温度或临界磁场时，当微波激励接近涡旋脱钉频率时，Pb超导薄膜中的触发涡旋雪崩被有效抑制。我们提出一个简单的模型来解释所观察到的反直觉行为，作为驱动涡核大小对mW激发强度的强非线性依赖性的表现。这为通过非线性响应控制复杂系统中的雪崩铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
Complex systems close to their critical state can exhibit abrupt transitions, avalanches, between their metastable states. It is a challenging task to understand the mechanism of the avalanches and control their behavior. Here we investigate microwave (mw) stimulation of avalanches in the so- called vortex matter of type II superconductors, a system of interacting Abrikosov vortices close to the critical (Bean) state. Our main finding is that the avalanche incubation strongly depends on the excitation frequency, a completely unexpected behavior observed close to the so-called depinning frequencies. Namely, the triggered vortex avalanches in Pb superconducting films become effectively inhibited approaching the critical temperature or critical magnetic field when the mw stimulus is close to the vortex depinning frequency. We suggest a simple model explaining the observed counter- intuitive behaviors as a manifestation of the strongly nonlinear dependence of the driven vortex core size on the mw excitation intensity. This paves the way to controlling avalanches in complex systems through their nonlinear response.
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