RAINIER：一个计算激发核态分布和级联涨落的模拟工具
RAINIER: A Simulation Tool for Distributions of Excited Nuclear States and Cascade Fluctuations
摘要：
一个新的程序RAINIER已经开发出来，它模拟了在用户指定的能量、角动量和宇称范围内离散和准连续核能级的$γ$射线衰变，包括对能级间距和跃迁宽度波动的实际处理。一个类似的程序，DICEBOX，使用蒙特卡罗方法来模拟能级和宽度的波动，但仅限于$γ$ -射线从不超过两个初始状态的衰变，如热中子俘获后的去激发。另一方面，现代的反应程序，如THERS和EMPIRE，在$γ$ -射线衰变之前，在剩余核中填充了广泛的状态，但并没有超出确定性函数的使用范围，因此忽略了级联涨落。这种能力的组合允许RAINIER通过与实验数据的比较来确定准连续特性。给出了几个例子，演示级联波动如何影响实验高分辨率$γ$ -射线光谱的反应，填充范围广泛的初始状态。
英文摘要：
A new code has been developed named RAINIER that simulates the $γ$-ray decay of discrete and quasi-continuum nuclear levels for a user-specified range of energy, angular momentum, and parity including a realistic treatment of level spacing and transition width fluctuations. A similar program, DICEBOX, uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate level and width fluctuations but is restricted to $γ$-ray decay from no more than two initial states such as de-excitation following thermal neutron capture. On the other hand, modern reaction codes such as TALYS and EMPIRE populate a wide range of states in the residual nucleus prior to $γ$-ray decay, but do not go beyond the use of deterministic functions and therefore neglect cascade fluctuations. This combination of capabilities allows RAINIER to be used to determine quasi-continuum properties through comparison with experimental data. Several examples are given that demonstrate how cascade fluctuations influence experimental high-resolution $γ$-ray spectra from reactions that populate a wide range of initial states.
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