40%效率的双光子相干吸收超材料
Coherent metamaterial absorption of two-photon states with 40% efficiency
摘要：
多光子吸收过程对入射光场的振幅（即光子数）具有非线性依赖性。然而，多光子吸收通常很弱，并且多光子事件以极低的概率发生。因此，设计在单光子水平上工作的量子非线性器件是非常具有挑战性的，大多数量子技术必须依赖于单光子相互作用。在这里，我们从实验和理论上证明，利用N = 2 N00N状态的相干吸收使得有可能增加被吸收的双光子状态的数量。我们将N = 2 N00N态注入Sagnac干涉仪中，放置在其中的吸收超颖表面表现出40.5%的双光子吸收效率，接近理论最大值。这种同时吸收两个光子的高概率为需要多光子上转换但受到高峰值强度阻碍的领域的应用提供了希望。
英文摘要：
Multi-photon absorption processes have a nonlinear dependence on the amplitude of the incident optical field i.e. the number of photons. However, multi-photon absorption is generally weak and multi-photon events occur with extremely low probability. Consequently, it is extremely challenging to engineer quantum nonlinear devices that operate at the single photon level and the majority of quantum technologies have to rely on single photon interactions. Here, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that exploiting coherent absorption of N = 2 N00N states makes it possible to enhance the number of two-photon states that are absorbed. An absorbing metasurface placed inside a Sagnac-style interferometer into which we inject an N = 2 N00N state, exhibits two-photon absorption with 40.5% efficiency, close to the theoretical maximum. This high probability of simultaneous absorption of two photons holds the promise for applications in fields that require multi-photon upconversion but are hindered by high peak intensities.
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