从母体剑突无创采集胎儿ECG：妊娠绵羊的可行性研究和开放数据集的要求
Non-invasive acquisition of fetal ECG from the maternal xyphoid process: a feasibility study in pregnant sheep and a call for open data sets
摘要：
目的：胎儿心率（FHR）监测的实用性只能通过在毫秒时间尺度（1000 Hz而不是4 Hz）上保留基础生理信息的采集采样率来实现。对于这样的采集，需要胎儿ECG（fECG），而不是超声来导出FHR。我们测试了一个最近开发的算法，SAVER，和两个广泛应用的算法提取fECG从一个单一的通道产妇心电图信号记录在剑突，而不是常规的腹部信号。方法：在126 dG时，将ECG贴附于近足月母羊和胎儿的肩部、手骨和剑突（n=12）。FECG用作地面实况，将从错误获取的母体ECG中提取的胎儿ECG信号与之进行比较。手术期间所有胎仔均健康状况良好（pH 7.29+/-0.03，pO 2 33.2+/-8.4，pCO 2 56.0+/-7.8，O2 Sat 78.3+/-7.6，乳酸盐2.8+/-0.6，BE -0.3+/-2.4）。主要结果：在所有动物中，单导联fECG提取算法不能从剑突上方的母体ECG信号中提取fECG，F1小于50%。重要性：所应用的fECG提取算法可能不适合于剑突上的母体ECG信号，或者后者不包含足够强的fECG信号，尽管导联靠近母亲的腹部。胎羊模型被广泛用于模拟各种胎儿状况，但没有公开数据集形式的ECG记录可用于测试fECG和FHR的预测能力。我们正在向其他研究人员开放该数据集，以促进在该动物模型中进行无创fECG采集。
英文摘要：
Objective: The utility of fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring can only be achieved with an acquisition sampling rate that preserves the underlying physiological information on the millisecond time scale (1000 Hz rather than 4 Hz). For such acquisition, fetal ECG (fECG) is required, rather than the ultrasound to derive FHR. We tested one recently developed algorithm, SAVER, and two widely applied algorithms to extract fECG from a single channel maternal ECG signal recorded over the xyphoid process rather than the routine abdominal signal. Approach: At 126dG, ECG was attached to near-term ewe and fetal shoulders, manubrium and xyphoid processes (n=12). FECG served as the ground-truth to which the fetal ECG signal extracted from the simultaneously-acquired maternal ECG was compared. All fetuses were in good health during surgery (pH 7.29+/-0.03, pO2 33.2+/-8.4, pCO2 56.0+/-7.8, O2Sat 78.3+/-7.6, lactate 2.8+/-0.6, BE -0.3+/-2.4). Main result: In all animals, single lead fECG extraction algorithm could not extract fECG from the maternal ECG signal over the xyphoid process with the F1 less than 50%. Significance: The applied fECG extraction algorithms might be unsuitable for the maternal ECG signal over the xyphoid process, or the latter does not contain strong enough fECG signal, although the lead is near the mother's abdomen. Fetal sheep model is widely used to mimic various fetal conditions, yet ECG recordings in a public data set form are not available to test the predictive ability of fECG and FHR. We are making this data set openly available to other researchers to foster non-invasive fECG acquisition in this animal model.
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