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arXiv 1708.07532gr-qc
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极端Kerr时空的Wang和Yau准局域能量

Wang and Yau's Quasi-Local Energy for an Extreme Kerr Spacetime

Warner A. Miller, Shannon Ray, Mu-Tao Wang, Shing-Tung Yau

摘要:

对于具有$a>\sqrt{3}M/2$的Kerr时空,存在不可能全局嵌入$\mathbb{R}^3$的常数径向曲面$\mathcal{S}$。为了计算Brown和York(B-Y)准局域能量(QLE),必须将$\mathcal{S}$等距地嵌入到$\mathbb{R}^3$中。另一方面,Wang和Yau(W-Y)QLE将$\mathcal{S}$嵌入到Minkowski空间中。在本文中,我们研究的W-Y QLE的表面,可能会或可能不会是全球嵌入在$\mathbb{R}^3$。我们证明了在Boyer-Lindquist坐标下,对于$t=constant$超曲面中的所有常数径向曲面,其能量泛函$E[τ]$在$τ=0$处有一个临界点.对于$τ=0$,W-Y QLE简化为B-Y QLE。为了检验这些情况下的W-Y QLE,我们在假设$τ$只是$θ$的函数的情况下,用$τ$明确地写出泛函。然后,我们使用$τ\left(θ\right)$的傅立叶展开来探索系数空间中的$E[τ\left(θ\right)]$的值。从我们的分析中,我们发现了一个开放的区域的复值$E[τ\left(θ\right)]$。我们还研究了$E[τ\left(θ\right)]$的最小实值的物理性质,它位于分离实能量和复能量的边界上。

英文摘要:

There exist constant radial surfaces, $\mathcal{S}$, that may not be globally embeddable in $\mathbb{R}^3$ for Kerr spacetimes with $a>\sqrt{3}M/2$. To compute the Brown and York (B-Y) quasi-local energy (QLE), one must isometrically embed $\mathcal{S}$ into $\mathbb{R}^3$. On the other hand, the Wang and Yau (W-Y) QLE embeds $\mathcal{S}$ into Minkowski space. In this paper, we examine the W-Y QLE for surfaces that may or may not be globally embeddable in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that their energy functional, $E[τ]$, has a critical point at $τ=0$ for all constant radial surfaces in $t=constant$ hypersurfaces using Boyer-Lindquist coordinates. For $τ=0$, the W-Y QLE reduces to the B-Y QLE. To examine the W-Y QLE in these cases, we write the functional explicitly in terms of $τ$ under the assumption that $τ$ is only a function of $θ$. We then use a Fourier expansion of $τ\left(θ\right)$ to explore the values of $E[τ\left(θ\right)]$ in the space of coefficients. From our analysis, we discovered an open region of complex values for $E[τ\left(θ\right)]$. We also study the physical properties of the smallest real value of $E[τ\left(θ\right)]$, which lies on the boundary separating real and complex energies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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