间接耦合到热浴的振荡标量场的阻尼
Damping of an oscillating scalar field indirectly coupled to a thermal bath
摘要：
研究了均匀振荡标量场通过介质场与热浴间接相互作用的阻尼过程。我们考虑两种类型的介质场，那些可以衰减到热浴和那些是单独稳定的，但对湮灭。前一种情况已经在文献中进行了广泛的研究，通过将阻尼作为一个局部效应积分后，假设接近平衡的介质场。如果中介场是稳定的，并且冻结在平衡之外，则同样的方法不适用。为了解释后一种情况，我们采用了非局部的阻尼描述，只有当我们考虑被阻尼的场的全半振荡时才有意义。振荡的标量场的阻尼率和相应的加热率的热浴在所有的体积参数区域计算在这两种情况下，证实了以前的结果在直接衰减的情况下。使用所获得的结果，估计标量场的幅度被大幅阻尼所需的时间。
英文摘要：
The damping process of a homogeneous oscillating scalar field that indirectly interacts with a thermal bath through a mediator field is investigated over a wide range of model parameters. We consider two types of mediator fields, those that can decay to the thermal bath and those that are individually stable but pair annihilate. The former case has been extensively studied in the literature by treating the damping as a local effect after integrating out the assumed close-to-equilibrium mediator field. The same approach does not apply if the mediator field is stable and freezes out of equilibrium. To account for the latter case, we adopt a non-local description of damping that is only meaningful when we consider full half-oscillations of the field being damped. The damping rates of the oscillating scalar field and the corresponding heating rate of the thermal bath in all bulk parameter regions are calculated in both cases, corroborating previous results in the direct decay case. Using the obtained results, the time it takes for the amplitude of the scalar field to be substantially damped is estimated.
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