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arXiv 1708.04822astro-ph.CO
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星系团附近的入射:气体和暗物质速度剖面的比较

Infall near clusters of galaxies: comparing gas and dark matter velocity profiles

L. Albaek, S. H. Hansen, D. Martizzi, B. Moore, R. Teyssier

摘要:

我们考虑的动力学和附近的星系团。气体、暗物质和星系目前正落入大约1到5维里半径的星系团中。在非常大的距离,超过10维里半径,所有的物质都遵循哈勃流,在维里半径内,物质粒子的平均径向速度为零。宇宙学参数印在气体的下落轮廓上,然而,没有方法存在,这使得它的测量。我们考虑两个宇宙学模拟的结果(使用数值代码RAMSES和Gadget),发现气体和暗物质的径向速度非常相似。我们推导了相关的动力学方程,特别是广义流体静力平衡方程,包括宇宙膨胀和宇宙学背景。这个广义气体方程是本文的主要新贡献。我们将这些广义方程与数值模拟的结果相结合,以估计径向速度对测量的星团质量的贡献:在维里半径内,它是可以忽略不计的,在两个维里半径内,效果低于40%,与早期的DM分析一致。我们指出,如何在原则上可以观察到的下落速度,通过测量气体的性质,约两个维里半径的距离,然而,这实际上是不可能的今天。

英文摘要:

We consider the dynamics in and near galaxy clusters. Gas, dark matter and galaxies are presently falling into the clusters between approximately 1 and 5 virial radii. At very large distances, beyond 10 virial radii, all matter is following the Hubble flow, and inside the virial radius the matter particles have on average zero radial velocity. The cosmological parameters are imprinted on the infall profile of the gas, however, no method exists, which allows a measurement of it. We consider the results of two cosmological simulations (using the numerical codes RAMSES and Gadget) and find that the gas and dark matter radial velocities are very similar. We derive the relevant dynamical equations, in particular the generalized hydrostatic equilibrium equation, including both the expansion of the Universe and the cosmological background. This generalized gas equation is the main new contribution of this paper. We combine these generalized equations with the results of the numerical simulations to estimate the contribution to the measured cluster masses from the radial velocity: inside the virial radius it is negligible, and inside two virial radii the effect is below 40%, in agreement the earlier analyses for DM. We point out how the infall velocity in principle may be observable, by measuring the gas properties to distance of about two virial radii, however, this is practically not possible today.

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