二维自旋轨道耦合电子系统的广义Stoner判据和通用自旋序
A generalized Stoner criterion and versatile spin ordering in two-dimensional spin-orbit coupled electron systems
摘要：
自旋-轨道耦合是一种单粒子现象，已知会产生拓扑有序，而电子-电子相互作用会导致有序的多体相存在。这两种机制的丰富的相互作用存在于广泛的材料中，并且一直是相当多的正在进行的研究和争议的主题。在这里，我们证明了相互作用的二维电子系统具有强自旋轨道耦合表现出各种时间反演对称性破缺阶段与非常规的自旋对齐。我们首先证明了一个Stoner型标准可以制定自旋极化响应的电场，它预测的自旋极化率发散在一定值的电子-电子相互作用强度。这种发散表明，即使在没有任何外加电场或磁场的情况下，也可能存在非常规铁磁相。这导致我们，在这项工作的第二部分，研究相互作用的Rashba自旋轨道耦合半导体在平衡的Hartree-Fock近似作为一个通用的极小模型。利用经典的蒙特卡罗模拟，我们构建了完整的相图的系统作为密度和自旋轨道耦合强度的函数。它包括面外自旋极化相和面内自旋极化相，具有移位的费米表面和丰富的自旋纹理，让人想起Pomeranchuk不稳定性，以及分别具有一个和两个费米表面的两种不同的费米液相，它们被Lifshitz转变分开。我们讨论的可能性，实验观察和有用的应用这些新的阶段，特别是在电场控制的宏观自旋极化的背景下。
英文摘要：
Spin-orbit coupling is a single-particle phenomenon known to generate topological order, and electron-electron interactions cause ordered many-body phases to exist. The rich interplay of these two mechanisms is present in a broad range of materials, and has been the subject of considerable ongoing research and controversy. Here we demonstrate that interacting two-dimensional electron systems with strong spin-orbit coupling exhibit a variety of time reversal symmetry breaking phases with unconventional spin alignment. We first prove that a Stoner-type criterion can be formulated for the spin polarization response to an electric field, which predicts that the spin polarization susceptibility diverges at a certain value of the electron-electron interaction strength. The divergence indicates the possibility of unconventional ferromagnetic phases even in the absence of any applied electric or magnetic field. This leads us, in the second part of this work, to study interacting Rashba spin-orbit coupled semiconductors in equilibrium in the Hartree-Fock approximation as a generic minimal model. Using classical Monte-Carlo simulations we construct the complete phase diagram of the system as a function of density and spin-orbit coupling strength. It includes both an out-of-plane spin polarized phase and in-plane spin-polarized phases with shifted Fermi surfaces and rich spin textures, reminiscent of the Pomeranchuk instability, as well as two different Fermi-liquid phases having one and two Fermi surfaces, respectively, which are separated by a Lifshitz transition. We discuss possibilities for experimental observation and useful application of these novel phases, especially in the context of electric-field-controlled macroscopic spin polarizations.
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