用数字图象传感器在毫米尺度上对引力常量$G$普适性的短程检验
Short-range test of the universality of gravitational constant $G$ at the millimeter scale using a digital image sensor
摘要：
在毫米尺度下测量了引力常量$G$的组成依赖性，以检验弱等效原理，该原理可能在短距离下通过新的Yukawa相互作用（如质子交换力）而被违反。利用扭秤在转台上测量重力力矩，两个相同的钨靶被两种不同的吸引子材料（铜和铝）包围。$\tilde{G}_{Al-W}/\tilde{G}_{Cu-W} -1$和$\tilde{G}_{Cu-W}/G_{N} -1$的比值分别为$(0.9 \pm 1.1_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 4.8_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2}$和$ (0.2 \pm 0.9_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 2.1_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2}$;这些值是在靶和吸引子之间的中心到中心间隔为1.7 cm和表面到表面间隔为4.5 mm时获得的，这与$G$的普遍性一致。还获得了$η_{Al-Cu}(r\sim 1\: \mathrm{cm})=(0.9 \pm 1.1_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 4.9_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2} $在约1 cm的最短距离处的弱等效原理（WEP）违反参数。
英文摘要：
The composition dependence of gravitational constant $G$ is measured at the millimeter scale to test the weak equivalence principle, which may be violated at short range through new Yukawa interactions such as the dilaton exchange force. A torsion balance on a turning table with two identical tungsten targets surrounded by two different attractor materials (copper and aluminum) is used to measure gravitational torque by means of digital measurements of a position sensor. Values of the ratios $\tilde{G}_{Al-W}/\tilde{G}_{Cu-W} -1$ and $\tilde{G}_{Cu-W}/G_{N} -1$ were $(0.9 \pm 1.1_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 4.8_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2}$ and $ (0.2 \pm 0.9_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 2.1_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2}$ , respectively; these were obtained at a center to center separation of 1.7 cm and surface to surface separation of 4.5 mm between target and attractor, which is consistent with the universality of $G$. A weak equivalence principle (WEP) violation parameter of $η_{Al-Cu}(r\sim 1\: \mathrm{cm})=(0.9 \pm 1.1_{\mathrm{sta}} \pm 4.9_{\mathrm{sys}}) \times 10^{-2} $ at the shortest range of around 1 cm was also obtained.
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