声表面波光力学用多谐频率啁啾换能器
Multiharmonic frequency-chirped transducers for surface-acoustic-wave optomechanics
摘要：
宽通带叉指换能器用于在由锁模激光器发射的激光脉冲训练序列和由换能器电产生的表面声波之间建立稳定的锁相。换能器的设计是基于一个多谐波分裂指架构的基本表面声波和其泛音的离散数量的激励。通过简单地引入换能器的周期性$p$的变化，增加了频率啁啾。这种组合导致每个谐波的宽频带。使用单量子点作为纳米级压力传感器，从光机械的角度表征了换能器从电域到声域的转换效率。在宽频带上产生表面声波的能力使得能够使用具有固定重复率的锁模激光器进行先进的声光光谱学。通过在320 MHz的频率下对单个量子点执行频闪光谱学来确认电生成的声波和激光脉冲的训练之间的稳定锁相。最后，结合稳定的锁相光激发和时间相关单光子计数，在时域内直接监测量子点的动态光谱调制。所展示的方案将是特别有用的实验实施的表面声波驱动的量子门的光学可寻址量子位或集体量子态或定制的纳米机械波形的多分量傅立叶合成。
英文摘要：
Wide passband interdigital transducers are employed to establish a stable phase-lock between a train of laser pulses emitted by a mode-locked laser and a surface acoustic wave generated electrically by the transducer. The transducer design is based on a multi-harmonic split-finger architecture for the excitation of a fundamental surface acoustic wave and a discrete number of its overtones. Simply by introducing a variation of the transducer's periodicity $p$, a frequency chirp is added. This combination results in wide frequency bands for each harmonic. The transducer's conversion efficiency from the electrical to the acoustic domain was characterized optomechanically using single quantum dots acting as nanoscale pressure sensors. The ability to generate surface acoustic waves over a wide band of frequencies enables advanced acousto-optic spectroscopy using mode-locked lasers with fixed repetition rate. Stable phase-locking between the electrically generated acoustic wave and the train of laser pulses was confirmed by performing stroboscopic spectroscopy on a single quantum dot at a frequency of 320 MHz. Finally, the dynamic spectral modulation of the quantum dot was directly monitored in the time domain combining stable phase-locked optical excitation and time-correlated single photon counting. The demonstrated scheme will be particularly useful for the experimental implementation of surface acoustic wave-driven quantum gates of optically addressable qubits or collective quantum states or for multi-component Fourier synthesis of tailored nanomechanical waveforms.
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