本征波纹增强石墨烯超材料的静态非互易性
Intrinsic Rippling Enhances Static Non-Reciprocity in Graphene Metamaterials
摘要：
在机械系统中，麦克斯韦-贝蒂互易性意味着点B处响应于点A处的力的位移与点A处响应于点B处施加的相同力的位移相同。由于互易性的概念是普遍的，基本的，并且对于其他物理系统如电磁学，声学和光学是可操作的，因此对理解非互易性或表现出非互易性的系统有很大的兴趣。然而，大多数非互易性的研究都发生在大规模的动力学问题，涉及时间反演对称性的结构。因此，人们对静态非互易响应的机制知之甚少，特别是在像石墨烯这样的原子级薄的二维材料中。在这里，我们使用经典的原子模拟来证明，平面外的波纹，这是固有的石墨烯，使显着的，多个数量级的增强石墨烯超材料的静态非互易响应。具体而言，我们发现，由于其几何形状的影响，在超材料中引起的波纹和应力场之间的相互作用会影响由超材料传输的位移，从而导致显着增强的静态非互易响应。因此，这项研究表明了二维机械超材料的潜力，为破胶应用。
英文摘要：
In mechanical systems, Maxwell-Betti reciprocity means that the displacement at point B in response to a force at point A is the same as the displacement at point A in response to the same force applied at point B. Because the notion of reciprocity is general, fundamental, and is operant for other physical systems like electromagnetics, acoustics, and optics, there is significant interest in understanding systems that are not reciprocal, or exhibit non-reciprocity. However, most studies of non-reciprocity have occurred in bulk-scale structures for dynamic problems involving time reversal symmetry. As a result, little is known about the mechanisms governing static non-reciprocal responses, particularly in atomically-thin two-dimensional materials like graphene. Here, we use classical atomistic simulations to demonstrate that out of plane ripples, which are intrinsic to graphene, enable significant, multiple orders of magnitude enhancements in the statically non-reciprocal response of graphene metamaterials. Specifically, we find that a striking interplay between the ripples and the stress fields that are induced in the metamaterials due to their geometry impact the displacements that are transmitted by the metamaterial, thus leading to a significantly enhanced static non-reciprocal response. This study thus demonstrates the potential of two-dimensional mechanical metamaterials for symmetry-breaking applications.
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