有效场论中的“民间定理”在核物理中的地位？
The "Folk Theorem" on Effective Field Theory: How Does It Fare in Nuclear Physics?
摘要：
这是我认为非常重要的一个简短的历史，其中一些真正开创性的，年轻的韩国核理论家，主要是在20世纪90年代和21世纪初从事博士论文工作的研究生，对核有效场论的贡献，现在被誉为核物理的第一原理方法。所采用的理论框架是一个有效场论锚定在一个规模不变的隐藏的局部对称拉格朗日构造沿线的温伯格的“民间定理”的有效场论。解决的问题是对热$np$捕获，太阳$pp$聚变过程，太阳$hep$过程的高精度计算-约翰·巴考尔对核理论家的挑战-以及巨大的伽莫夫-特勒共振中$g_A$的淬灭和天体物理过程中第一禁戒β跃迁的巨大增强。冒险地将策略扩展到一个未知的领域，在这个领域中，“定理”的系统实现远不明显，同样有效的拉格朗日量也适用于致密恒星的结构。一个令人惊讶的结果的性质的大质量恒星，完全不同的是已经获得了一天的文献中，预测，如早熟的发病共形声速连同可能出现的隐藏的对称性，如规模对称性和隐藏的本地对称性。
英文摘要：
This is a brief history of what I consider as very important, some of which truly seminal, contributions made by young Korean nuclear theorists, mostly graduate students working on PhD thesis in 1990's and early 2000's, to nuclear effective field theory, nowadays heralded as the first-principle approach to nuclear physics. The theoretical framework employed is an effective field theory anchored on a scale-invariant hidden local symmetric Lagrangian constructed along the line of Weinberg's "Folk Theorem" on effective field theory. The problems addressed are the high-precision calculations on the thermal $np$ capture, the solar $pp$ fusion process, the solar $hep$ process -- John Bahcall's challenge to nuclear theorists -- and the quenching of $g_A$ in giant Gamow-Teller resonances and the whopping enhancement of first-forbidden beta transitions in astrophysical processes. Extending adventurously the strategy to a wild uncharted domain in which a systematic implementation of the "theorem" is far from obvious, the same effective Lagrangian is applied to the structure of compact stars. A surprising result on the properties of massive stars, totally different from what has been obtained up to day in the literature, is predicted, such as the precocious onset of conformal sound velocity together with the possible emergence of hidden symmetries such as scale symmetry and hidden local symmetry.
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