The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is an HTTP-like protocol for RESTful applications intended to run on constrained devices, typically part of the Internet of Things. CoAP observe is an extension to the CoAP specification that allows CoAP clients to observe a resource through a simple publish/subscribe mechanism. In this paper we leverage Information-Centric Networking (ICN), transparently deployed within the domain of a network provider, to provide enhanced CoAP services. We present the design and the implementation of CoAP observe over ICN and we discuss how ICN can provide benefits to both network providers and CoAP applications, even though the latter are not aware of the existence of ICN. In particular, the use of ICN results in smaller state management and simpler implementation at CoAP endpoints, and less communication overhead in the network.
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is being realized as a promising approach to accomplish the shortcomings of current IP-address based networking. ICN models are based on naming the content to get rid of address-space scarcity, accessing the content via name-based-routing, caching the content at intermediate nodes to provide reliable, efficient data delivery and self-certifying contents to ensure better security. Obvious benefits of ICN in terms of fast and efficient data delivery and improved reliability raises ICN as highly promising networking model for Internet of Things (IoTs) like env…
This paper presents LoRa-ICN, a comprehensive IoT networking system based on a common long-range communication layer (LoRa) combined with Information-Centric Networking (ICN) principles. We have replaced the LoRaWAN MAC layer with an IEEE 802.15.4 Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-Channel Extension (DSME). This multifaceted MAC layer allows for different mappings of ICN message semantics, which we explore to enable new LoRa cenarios. We designed LoRa-ICN from the ground-up to improve reliability and to reduce dependency on centralized components in LoRa IoT scenarios. We have implemented a f…
Recent proposals to simplify the operation of the IoT include the use of Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigms. While this is promising, several challenges remain. In this paper, our core contributions (a) leverage ICN communication patterns to dynamically optimize the use of TSCH (Time Slotted Channel Hopping), a wireless link layer technology increasingly popular in the IoT, and (b) make IoT-style routing adaptive to names, resources, and traffic patterns throughout the network--both without cross-layering. Through a series of experiments on the FIT IoT-LAB interconnecting typical I…
The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) and its extensions, such as observe and group communication, offer the potential for developing novel IoT applications. However, a full-fledged CoAP-based application requires delay-tolerant communication and support for multicast: since these properties cannot be easily provided by existing IP networks, developers cannot take full advantage of CoAP, preferring to use HTTP instead. In this demo we show how proxying CoAP traffic over an ICN network can unleash the full potential of CoAP, simultaneously shifting overhead and complexity from the (constr…
Information Centric Networking is considered a promising communication technology for the constrained IoT, but NDN was designed only for standard network infrastructure. In this paper, we design and evaluate an NDN convergence layer for low power lossy links that (1) augments the NDN stateful forwarding with a highly efficient name eliding, (2) devises stateless compression schemes for standard NDN use cases, (3) adapts NDN packets to the small MTU size of IEEE 802.15.4, and (4) generates compatibility with 6LoWPAN so that IPv6 and NDN can coexist on the same LoWPAN links. Our findings indicat…
Information Centric Networking is a new networking paradigm that treats content as first class entity. It provides content to users without regards to the current location of the content. The publish/subscribe systems have gained popularity in Internet. Pub/sub systems dismisses the need for users to request every content of their interest. Instead, the content is supplied to interested users (subscribers) as and when it is published. CCN/NDN are popular ICN proposals widely accepted in the ICN community however, they do not provide an efficient pub/sub mechanism. COPSS enhances CCN/NDN with a…
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) specifically Name Data Networking (NDN) is the name-base (content-base) networking and takes named-contents as "first class citizen", being considered as the ideal candidate to form the Future Internet basis. NDN striking features like named-data self-secured contents, name-base-forwarding, in-network caching and mobility support suits the Internet of Things (IoT) environment, which aims to enable communication among smart devices and to combine all Internet-based smart applications under the one roof. With these aims, IoT put many research challenges regar…
In an IoT environment, which is characterized by a multitude of interconnected smart devices with sensing and computational capabilities, many applications are (i) content-based, that is, they are only interested in finding a given type of content rather than the location of data, and (ii) contextualized, that is, the content is generated and consumed in the proximity of the user. In this context, the Information-Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm is an appealing model for efficiently retrieving application data, and the service decentralization towards the network edge helps to reduce the core…
In-network caching is a central aspect of Information-Centric Networking (ICN). It enables the rapid distribution of content across the network, alleviating strain on content producers and reducing content delivery latencies. ICN has emerged as a promising candidate for use in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, IoT devices operate under severe constraints, most notably limited memory. This means that nodes cannot indiscriminately cache all content; instead, there is a need for a caching strategy that decides what content to cache. Furthermore, many applications in the IoT space are timesen…
While research on Information-Centric Networking (ICN) flourishes, its adoption seems to be an elusive goal. In this paper we propose Edge-ICN: a novel approach for deploying ICN in a single large network, such as the network of an Internet Service Provider. Although Edge-ICN requires nothing beyond an SDN-based network supporting the OpenFlow protocol, with ICN-aware nodes only at the edges of the network, it still offers the same benefits as a clean-slate ICN architecture but without the deployment hassles. Moreover, by proxying legacy traffic and transparently forwarding it through the Edge…
Recent literature suggests that the Internet of Things (IoT) scales much better in an Information-Centric Networking (ICN) model instead of the current host-centric Internet Protocol (IP) model. In particular, the Named Data Networking (NDN) project (one of the ICN architecture flavors) offers features exploitable by IoT applications, such as stateful forwarding, in- network caching, and built-in assurance of data provenance. Though NDN-based IoT frameworks have been proposed, none have adequately and holistically addressed concerns related to secure onboarding and routing. Additionally, emerg…
Connecting long-range wireless networks to the Internet imposes challenges due to vastly longer round-trip-times (RTTs). In this paper, we present an ICN protocol framework that enables robust and efficient delay-tolerant communication to edge networks. Our approach provides ICN-idiomatic communication between networks with vastly different RTTs. We applied this framework to LoRa, enabling end-to-end consumer-to-LoRa-producer interaction over an ICN-Internet and asynchronous data production in the LoRa edge. Instead of using LoRaWAN, we implemented an IEEE 802.15.4e DSME MAC layer on top of th…
Information-centric Networking (ICN) is an emerging Internet architecture that offers promising features, such as in-network caching and named data addressing, to support the edge computing paradigm, in particular Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. ICN can benefit from Complex Event Processing (CEP), which is an in-network processing paradigm to specify and perform efficient query operations on data streams. However, integrating CEP into ICN is a challenging task due to the following reasons: (1) typical ICN architectures do not provide support for forwarding and processing continuous data…
In recent years, 5G is widely used in parallel with IoT networks to enable massive data connectivity and exchange with ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) services. The internet requirements from user's perspective have shifted from simple human to human interactions to different communication paradigms and information-centric networking (ICN). ICN distributes the content among the users based on their trending requests. ICN is responsible not only for the routing and caching but also for naming the network's content. ICN considers several parameters such as cache-hit ratio, c…
In future IoT environments it is expected that the role of personal devices of mobile users in the physical area where IoT devices are deployed will become more and more important. In particular, due to the push towards decentralisation of services towards the edge, it is likely that a significant share of data generated by IoT devices will be needed by other (mobile) nodes nearby, while global Internet access will be limited only to a small fraction of data. In this context, opportunistic networking schemes can be adopted to build efficient content-centric protocols, through which data genera…
The promising vision of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) and of its realization, Named Data Networking (NDN), has attracted extensive attention in recent years in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, a comprehensive NDN/ICN-based architectural design for WSNs, including specially tailored naming schemes and forwarding mechanisms, has yet to be explored. In this paper, we present single-Channel Cluster-based Information-Centric WSN (CCIC-WSN), an NDN/ICN-based framework to fulfill the requirements of cluster-based WSNs, such as communicat…
Today's Internet is heavily used for multimedia streaming from cloud backends, while the Internet of Things (IoT) reverses the traditional data flow, with high data volumes produced at the network edge. Information Centric Networking (ICN) advocates against a host-centric communication model which is promising for distributed edge computing environments and the execution of IoT applications in a decentralized fashion. By using naming schemes, data is tightly coupled to names instead of hosts which simplifies discovery and access to data and services. However, the tight coupling challenges netw…
Internet of Things (IoT) application deployment requires the allocation of resources such as virtual machines, storage, and network elements that must be deployed over distinct infrastructures such as cloud computing, Cloud of Things (CoT), datacenters and backbone networks. For massive IoT data acquisition, a gateway-based data aggregation approach is commonly used featuring sensor/ actuator seamless access and providing cache/ buffering and preprocessing functionality. In this perspective , gateways acting as producers need to allocate network resources to send IoT data to consumers. In this…
Content replication to many destinations is a common use case in the Internet of Things (IoT). The deployment of IP multicast has proven inefficient, though, due to its lack of layer-2 support by common IoT radio technologies and its synchronous end-to-end transmission, which is highly susceptible to interference. Information-centric networking (ICN) introduced hop-wise multi-party dissemination of cacheable content, which has proven valuable in particular for low-power lossy networking regimes. Even NDN, however, the most prominent ICN protocol, suffers from a lack of deployment. In this pape…
The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) challenges the end-to-end transport of the Internet by low power lossy links and gateways that perform protocol translations. Protocols such as CoAP or MQTT-SN are degraded by the overhead of DTLS sessions, which in common deployment protect content transfer only up to the gateway. To preserve content security end-to-end via gateways and proxies, the IETF recently developed Object Security for Constrained RESTful Environments (OSCORE), which extends CoAP with content object security features commonly known from Information Centric Networks (ICN). This pape…
The emergence of Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) technology aims at extending cloud computing capabilities to the edge of the wireless access networks. MEC provides real-time, high-bandwidth, low-latency access to radio network resources, allowing operators to open their networks to a new ecosystem and value chain. Moreover, it will provide a new insight to the design of future 5th Generation (5G) wireless systems. This paper describes five key technologies, including Network Function Vitalization (NFV), Software Defined Networking (SDN), Network Slicing, Information Centric Networking (ICN)…
This paper propose and predict the need for a new line of computer production that can facilitate and accelerate the improvements of things and systems towards IoT networks. The proposed computer that is named Computer of Thing, CoT, will speed up the establishment of smart world in a synchronized way with similar standards, communication protocols, and hardware and software. Also, the need for a new standardization body in addition to those who exist is stated that will motivate governments to invest more on IoT development. However, to show the importance of proposed CoT, a brief review on I…
Machine learning finds rich applications in Internet of Things (IoT) networks such as information retrieval, traffic management, spectrum sensing, and signal authentication. While there is a surge of interest to understand the security issues of machine learning, their implications have not been understood yet for wireless applications such as those in IoT systems that are susceptible to various attacks due the open and broadcast nature of wireless communications. To support IoT systems with heterogeneous devices of different priorities, we present new techniques built upon adversarial machine…
