看谁在说话：新西兰议会演讲主题模型的双向网络表征
Look Who's Talking: Bipartite Networks as Representations of a Topic Model of New Zealand Parliamentary Speeches
摘要：
缺乏量化方法来衡量当选议员及其所属政党参与议会辩论和讨论的情况。这是一个探索性的研究，我们提出了一种新的方法，这种参与的定量分析的发展。我们利用新西兰政府的数字Hansard数据库构建了一个主题模型的议会演讲，包括近40万字，在2003年至2016年期间。一个潜在的Dirichlet分配主题模型的实现，以揭示我们的文档集的主题结构。这种生成统计模型能够检测新西兰议会公开讨论的主要主题或主题，并允许议员对其进行分类。随后使用统计方法的组合分析主题比例的信息。我们观察到的模式所产生的时间序列分析的主题频率，可以与特定的社会，经济和立法事件。然后，我们构建了一个二分网络表示，连接国会议员的主题，在这个时间范围内的四个议会任期。我们建立投影网络（到MP所代表的节点集上），并继续研究其拓扑结构的动态变化，包括社区结构。通过纵向网络分析，我们可以观察到新西兰议会主题网络及其主要政党在研究期间的演变。
英文摘要：
Quantitative methods to measure the participation to parliamentary debate and discourse of elected Members of Parliament (MPs) and the parties they belong to are lacking. This is an exploratory study in which we propose the development of a new approach for a quantitative analysis of such participation. We utilize the New Zealand government's digital Hansard database to construct a topic model of parliamentary speeches consisting of nearly 40 million words in the period 2003-2016. A Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model is implemented in order to reveal the thematic structure of our set of documents. This generative statistical model enables the detection of major themes or topics that are publicly discussed in the New Zealand parliament, as well as permitting their classification by MP. Information on topic proportions is subsequently analyzed using a combination of statistical methods. We observe patterns arising from time-series analysis of topic frequencies which can be related to specific social, economic and legislative events. We then construct a bipartite network representation, linking MPs to topics, for each of four parliamentary terms in this time frame. We build projected networks (onto the set of nodes represented by MPs) and proceed to the study of the dynamical changes of their topology, including community structure. By performing this longitudinal network analysis, we can observe the evolution of the New Zealand parliamentary topic network and its main parties in the period studied.
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