与呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和流感相关的儿科住院，以及哮喘作为次要诊断的频率
Pediatric hospitalizations associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza, and the frequency of asthma as a secondary diagnosis
摘要：
背景：儿童中与RSV和流感相关的严重结局负担尚不确定。研究方法：我们应用先前开发的方法来估计2003-04年至2009-10年季节期间美国不同年龄组儿童中不同诊断的流感和RSV相关住院率。结果如下：平均年增长率（每100，000人）因任何原因（不包括哮喘）的流感和RSV相关住院（ICD-9编码493），主要诊断为呼吸道原因（ICD-9编码460-519）（主要或次要）为173.1（95%CI（134.3，212.6））（流感）与2336（2209，2463）（RSV）（年龄<1岁）; 77.9（51.1，105.2）与625.7（540，711.5）（1岁）; 56.3（40.9，72.2）vs. 324.2（275.1，375）（2岁）; 44.6（32.9，56.6）vs. 172.2（134.2，211）（3岁）; 36.4（27.7，45.3）vs. 89.7（60.6，117.8）（4岁）; 36.6（29.3，43.9）vs. 62.3（38.8，86.4）（5- 6岁）; 20.5（16.3，24.6）vs. 30.2（16.1，43.9）（7- 11岁）; 16.1（10.6，21.7）vs. 36.9（17.8，55.9）（12- 17岁）。RSV相关住院率与哮喘作为次要（非主要）诊断占162.6（143.6，181.6）（年龄<1岁），144.7（120.8，168.2）（1岁），99.5（82.3，116.8）（2岁），60.9（46.4，75.3）（3岁）、23.5（10.7，36.4）（4岁）、16.1（5.1，27）（5- 6岁）、11.4（4.7，18.3）（7- 11岁）和15.8（4.9，26.7）（12- 17岁）。结论：幼儿RSV相关住院的估计率很高，随着年龄的增长，这些比率迅速下降。此外，在幼儿中，以哮喘作为次要诊断的RSV相关住院率估计值，结合这些年龄组中哮喘患病率的数据，表明在患有哮喘的幼儿中RSV相关住院率非常高。这些儿童可被视为与RSV相关的缓解工作的潜在目标群体。
英文摘要：
Background: There is uncertainty about the burden of severe outcomes associated with RSV and influenza in children. Methods: We have applied previously developed methodology to estimate the rates of influenza and RSV-associated hospitalizations with different diagnoses in different age subgroups of US children between the 2003-04 through the 2009-10 seasons. Results: The average annual rates (per 100,000) of influenza and RSV-associated hospitalizations for any cause excluding asthma (ICD-9 code 493) in the principal diagnosis with a respiratory cause (ICD-9 codes 460-519) in the diagnosis (either principal or secondary) were 173.1(95%CI (134.3,212.6)) (influenza) vs. 2336(2209,2463) (RSV) (age <1y); 77.9(51.1,105.2) vs. 625.7(540,711.5) (age 1y); 56.3(40.9,72.2) vs. 324.2(275.1,375) (age 2y); 44.6(32.9,56.6) vs. 172.2(134.2,211) (age 3y); 36.4(27.7,45.3) vs. 89.7(60.6,117.8) (age 4y); 36.6(29.3,43.9) vs. 62.3(38.8,86.4) (ages 5-6y); 20.5(16.3,24.6) vs. 30.2(16.1,43.9) (ages 7-11y); and 16.1(10.6,21.7) vs. 36.9(17.8,55.9) (ages 12-17y). The rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations with asthma as a secondary (non-principal) diagnosis were 162.6(143.6,181.6) (age <1y), 144.7(120.8,168.2) (age 1y), 99.5(82.3,116.8) (age 2y), 60.9(46.4,75.3) (age 3y), 23.5(10.7,36.4) (age 4y), 16.1(5.1,27) (ages 5-6y), 11.4(4.7,18.3) (ages 7-11y), and 15.8(4.9,26.7) (ages 12-17y). Conclusions: The estimated rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations in young children are high, with those rates declining rapidly with age. Additionally, the estimated rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations with asthma as a secondary diagnosis in young children, combined with data on the prevalence of asthma in those age groups suggest very high rates of RSV-associated hospitalizations in young children with asthma. Those children may be considered as potential target groups for RSV-related mitigation efforts.
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