在决策博弈中，损失比收益更能给人留下深刻印象
Loss impresses human beings more than gain in the decision-making game
摘要：
当人类和电脑玩游戏时，大脑会发生什么？本文通过一个简单的零和博弈来研究人们在明知对手是计算机的情况下如何通过大脑进行决策。人有两种选择（低或高的数字），计算机也有两种策略（红色或绿色）。当人类受试者选择的数字符合红色时，该人失去了与该数字相等的分数。相反，如果计算机为人类选择的数字选择绿色，则该人获得分数。人类受试者和计算机同时做出选择，受试者被告知计算机随机选择红色或绿色。在实验过程中，记录了从受试者大脑中获得的脑电信号。通过对脑电的分析，我们发现人们对损失的关注程度大于对收益的关注程度，并且这种现象随着收益与损失之间的差距的增大而变得更加明显。此外，在做出不同的决定之前，EEG的信号是清楚可区分的。据观察，当参与者对结果有更大的期望时，在整个脑区都有显著的负波，这些负波主要集中在人类大脑的前脑区。
英文摘要：
What happen in the brain when human beings play games with computers? Here a simple zero-sum game was conducted to investigate how people make decision via their brain even they know that their opponent is a computer. There are two choices (a low or high number) for people and also two strategies for the computer (red color or green color). When the number selected by the human subject meet the red color, the person loses the score which is equal to the number. On the contrary, the person gains the number of score if the computer chooses a green color for the number selected by the human being. Both the human subject and the computer give their choice at the same time, and subjects have been told that the computer make its decision randomly on the red color or green color. During the experiments, the signal of electroencephalograph (EEG) obtained from brain of subjects was recorded. From the analysis of EEG, we find that people mind the loss more than the gain, and the phenomenon becoming obvious when the gap between loss and gain grows. In addition, the signal of EEG is clearly distinguishable before making different decisions. It is observed that significant negative waves in the entire brain region when the participant has a greater expectation for the outcome, and these negative waves are mainly concentrated in the forebrain region in the brain of human beings.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
