超新星遗迹的gamma-ray光谱与超新星后的cosmic ray注入性质的联系
Linking gamma-ray spectra of supernova remnants to the cosmic ray injection properties in the aftermath of supernovae
摘要：
年轻和中年SNR中发射伽马射线的最高能量粒子的加速时间与SNR年龄相当。如果在超新星爆炸后的早期，开始加速的粒子数量发生了变化，那么这种变化应该反映在伽马射线谱的形状上。为了分析这种效应，我们使用粒子加速的非平稳方程的解。作为一个测试案例，我们应用我们的方法来描述来自IC443的伽马射线。作为IC443母超新星的替代，我们考虑SN1987A。首先，我们从SN 1987A的射电光谱指数的演变推断注入效率的时间依赖性。然后，我们使用推断的注入行为来拟合IC443的伽马射线谱。我们表明，质子光谱的中断需要解释的伽马射线发射是宇宙射线注入的早期变化的自然结果，并且非常高能量的伽马射线起源于在超新星爆炸后的头几个月开始加速的粒子。我们的结论是，今天在信噪比观测到的伽马射线谱的形状严重依赖于宇宙射线注入过程中的时间变化，在爆炸后立即阶段。利用同样的模型，我们还估计了未来从SN 1987 A探测伽马射线的可能性。
英文摘要：
The acceleration times of the highest-energy particles which emit gamma-rays in young and middle-age SNRs are comparable with SNR age. If the number of particles starting acceleration was varying during early times after the supernova explosion then this variation should be reflected in the shape of the gamma-ray spectrum. We use the solution of the non-stationary equation for particle acceleration in order to analyze this effect. As a test case, we apply our method to describe gamma-rays from IC443. As a proxy of the IC443 parent supernova we consider SN1987A. First, we infer the time dependence of injection efficiency from evolution of the radio spectral index in SN1987A. Then, we use the inferred injection behavior to fit the gamma-ray spectrum of IC443. We show that the break in the proton spectrum needed to explain the gamma-ray emission is a natural consequence of the early variation of the cosmic ray injection, and that the very-high energy gamma-rays originate from particles which began acceleration during the first months after the supernova explosion. We conclude that the shape of the gamma-ray spectrum observed today in SNRs critically depends on the time variation of the cosmic ray injection process in the immediate post explosion phases. With the same model, we estimate also the possibility in the future to detect gamma-rays from SN 1987A.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
