离子电活性聚合物（E.A.P.）是一种活性材料，包含在一种惰性气体中（例如Nafion）。这种材料通常用作夹在两个铂电极之间的薄膜。当横跨厚度施加电场时，聚合物经历大的弯曲运动。相反，当聚合物突然弯曲时，可以在两个电极之间检测到电压。溶剂饱和的聚合物完全解离，释放出小尺寸的阳离子。我们使用了连续介质方法。该材料通过两相共存来建模;它可以被认为是多孔介质，其中可变形的固相是具有固定阴离子的聚合物骨架;电解质相由具有游离阳离子的溶剂（通常是水）制成。微尺度守恒定律的质量，线性动量和能量和麦克斯韦方程组的第一个书面为每个阶段。推导出与界面相关的物理量。应用于两相介质的平均技术的使用最终导致完整材料的守恒定律的欧拉公式。相对于每个阶段的宏观方程通过界面提供交换。通过对动能、势能和内能平衡方程的分析，指出了2 Mireille Tixier，Jo {ë} l Pouget现象是一种能量转化为另一种能量的原因，特别是耗散性的能量：粘性摩擦和焦耳效应。
英文摘要：
Ionic electro-active polymers (E.A.P.) is an active material consisting in a polyelectrolyte (for example Nafion). Such material is usually used as thin film sandwiched between two platinum electrodes. The polymer undergoes large bending motions when an electric field is applied across the thickness. Conversely, a voltage can be detected between both electrodes when the polymer is suddenly bent. The solvent-saturated polymer is fully dissociated, releasing cations of small size. We used a continuous medium approach. The material is modelled by the coexistence of two phases; it can be considered as a porous medium where the deformable solid phase is the polymer backbone with fixed anions; the electrolyte phase is made of a solvent (usually water) with free cations. The microscale conservation laws of mass, linear momentum and energy and the Maxwell's equations are first written for each phase. The physical quantities linked to the interfaces are deduced. The use of an average technique applied to the two-phase medium finally leads to an Eulerian formulation of the conservation laws of the complete material. Macroscale equations relative to each phase provides exchanges through the interfaces. An analysis of the balance equations of kinetic, potential and internal energy highlights the 2 Mireille Tixier, Jo{ë}l Pouget phenomena responsible of the conversion of one kind of energy into another, especially the dissipative ones : viscous frictions and Joule effect.
Scale-free center-of-mass displacement correlations in dense polymer solutions and melts without topological constraints and momentum conservation: A bond-fluctuation model study
Constitutive equations for an electro-active polymer
离子电活性聚合物（E. A. P.）可以用作传感器或执行器。为此，将一层薄膜用溶剂饱和，并夹在两个铂电极之间。溶剂导致聚合物的完全解离和小阳离子的释放。在整个厚度上施加电场导致带材弯曲，反之亦然。该材料由两相连续介质建模。固相由嵌有阴离子的聚合物骨架构成，被描述为可变形的多孔介质。液相由游离阳离子和溶剂（通常是水）组成。我们使用了粗粒模型。这个系统的守恒定律已经在以前的工作中建立。熵平衡定律和热力学关系首先为每个阶段，然后为完整的材料使用统计平均技术和材料导数的概念。一个是熵的产生。识别广义力和通量提供了整个系统的本构方程：满足Kelvin-Voigt模型，广义傅立叶和达西定律和能斯特-普朗克方程的应力-应变关系。
