扫描透射电镜图像模拟算法的多GPU流式实现
A Streaming Multi-GPU Implementation of Image Simulation Algorithms for Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
摘要：
在扫描透射电子显微镜中模拟原子分辨率图像形成可能需要使用传统方法的显著计算时间。最近开发的一种方法，称为平面波倒易空间插值散射矩阵（PRISM），表现出潜在的显着加速这种模拟的精度可以忽略不计的损失。在这里，我们提出了一个软件包，称为棱镜扫描透射电子显微镜（STEM）使用棱镜和多层方法的图像形成的并行模拟。通过在多个支持CUDA的GPU和多核处理器之间分配工作负载，相对于使用单个4-GPU机器的传统多片实现，PRISM的加速高达1000倍，多片加速高达30倍。我们展示了一个潜在的重要应用棱镜，使用它来计算图像的原子电子断层扫描在足够的速度，包括在重建管道。Prismatic可以作为一个带有图形用户界面的开源CUDA/C++包和一个Python包PyPrismatic免费提供。
英文摘要：
Simulation of atomic resolution image formation in scanning transmission electron microscopy can require significant computation times using traditional methods. A recently developed method, termed plane-wave reciprocal-space interpolated scattering matrix (PRISM), demonstrates potential for significant acceleration of such simulations with negligible loss of accuracy. Here we present a software package called Prismatic for parallelized simulation of image formation in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using both the PRISM and multislice methods. By distributing the workload between multiple CUDA-enabled GPUs and multicore processors, accelerations as high as 1000x for PRISM and 30x for multislice are achieved relative to traditional multislice implementations using a single 4-GPU machine. We demonstrate a potentially important application of Prismatic, using it to compute images for atomic electron tomography at sufficient speeds to include in the reconstruction pipeline. Prismatic is freely available both as an open-source CUDA/C++ package with a graphical user interface and as a Python package, PyPrismatic.
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