自由基清除剂能显著增强自由基对罗盘磁感受器的灵敏度
The sensitivity of a radical pair compass magnetoreceptor can be significantly amplified by radical scavengers
摘要：
鸟类具有从地球磁场中获取导航信息的非凡能力。这种罗盘感的主要检测机制尚不确定，但似乎涉及隐花色素蛋白质中瞬时形成的自由基对的量子自旋动力学。我们在这里提出了一个新版本的当前模型中，自旋选择性重组的自由基对是不必要的。两个自由基之一被想象为通过自旋选择性电子转移与顺磁性清除剂反应。通过模拟隐花素激发的自由基对的自旋动力学，我们表明，新方案提供了两个明确的和重要的好处。对50 μT磁场的敏感性大大增强，并且与当前模型不同，磁感受器蛋白中的自由基可以相距超过2 nm。后者意味着具有色氨酸电子供体的四分体（而不是三分体）的动物隐花色素仍然可以被期望作为磁罗盘传感器。解除对自旋选择性复合反应速率的限制也意味着，通过将自由基放置得比当前模型中更远，可以最小化自由基间交换和偶极相互作用的有害影响。
英文摘要：
Birds have a remarkable ability to obtain navigational information from the Earth's magnetic field. The primary detection mechanism of this compass sense is uncertain but appears to involve the quantum spin dynamics of radical pairs formed transiently in cryptochrome proteins. We propose here a new version of the current model in which spin-selective recombination of the radical pair is not essential. One of the two radicals is imagined to react with a paramagnetic scavenger via spin-selective electron transfer. By means of simulations of the spin dynamics of cryptochrome-inspired radical pairs, we show that the new scheme offers two clear and important benefits. The sensitivity to a 50 μT magnetic field is greatly enhanced and, unlike the current model, the radicals can be more than 2 nm apart in the magnetoreceptor protein. The latter means that animal cryptochromes that have a tetrad (rather than a triad) of tryptophan electron donors can still be expected to be viable as magnetic compass sensors. Lifting the restriction on the rate of the spin-selective recombination reaction also means that the detrimental effects of inter-radical exchange and dipolar interactions can be minimised by placing the radicals much further apart than in the current model.
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