指导增材制造技术采纳：总成本与产能利用率的影响
Informing Additive Manufacturing technology adoption: total cost and the impact of capacity utilisation
AI总结：
本文研究增材制造技术采纳中产能利用率与高效操作的关系，通过比较制造复杂包装行业组件的工艺成本，发现混合构建的单位成本低于单一几何体构建，预计节省36%-46%的制造成本，且设计适应带来的运营节省可能超过制造成本优势。
摘要：
本文探讨了增材制造（AM）技术采纳决策中的关系，通过比较传统机械加工和焊接路径与利用直接金属激光熔融（DMLS）的AM路径的制造成本，分析了优化产能利用率、辅助工艺步骤、构建失败的影响以及设计适应性。我们提出'可替代'构建容量的概念，并通过计算构建体积打包整合到成本估算框架中。结果显示，满负荷混合构建的单位成本低于单一几何体构建，导致平均单位成本高估157%。预计AM采纳可带来36%-46%的制造成本节省，且设计适应带来的运营节省可能超过制造成本优势。
英文摘要：
Informing Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology adoption decisions, this paper investigates the relationship between build volume capacity utilisation and efficient technology operation in an inter-process comparison of the costs of manufacturing a complex component used in the packaging industry. Confronting the reported costs of a conventional machining and welding pathway with an estimator of the costs incurred through an AM route utilising Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), we weave together four aspects: optimised capacity utilisation, ancillary process steps, the effect of build failure, and design adaptation. Recognising that AM users can fill unused machine capacity with other, potentially unrelated, geometries, we posit a characteristic of 'fungible' build capacity. This aspect is integrated in the cost estimation framework through computational build volume packing, drawing on a basket of sample geometries. We show that the unit cost in mixed builds at full capacity is lower than in builds limited to a single type of geometry; in our study this results in a mean unit cost overstatement of 157%. The estimated manufacturing costs savings from AM adoption range from 36% to 46%. Additionally, we indicate that operating cost savings resulting from design adaptation are likely to far outweigh the manufacturing cost advantage.
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