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arXiv 1706.01339hep-phastro-ph.HE
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中微子受激跃迁的多味效应

Multi-flavor effects in Stimulated Transitions of Neutrinos

Y. Yang, J. P. Kneller, K. M. Perkins

摘要:

一个中微子受到一个外部的、依赖于时间的扰动势的作用,可以被迫在它的味态之间进行跃迁。具有三种(或更多)味道的中微子可以表现出如果中微子只有两种味道就不会发生的现象。我们提出了一个近似的解析解的时间演化的多味中微子响应的任意微扰哈密顿量已被分解成其傅立叶模式。我们不限制口味的数量,也不对扰动哈密顿量的结构,傅立叶模式的数量,它们的振幅或频率。我们应用该理论研究了由两个和三个傅立叶模构成的微扰引起的三味中微子变换。对于两个傅立叶模式的情况下,我们观察到等效的“诱导透明”从量子光学,其中一对给定的状态之间的转换被抑制,由于另一对之间的共振模式的存在。当我们添加第三个傅立叶模式时,我们发现了一个新的效果,即第三个模式可以操纵两个模式情况下的跃迁概率,以迫使完全透明,或者,恢复“不透明”,这意味着微扰势恢复其诱导中微子跃迁的能力。在这两个应用程序中,我们演示了如何解析解能够匹配的振幅和波数的数值结果在百分之几。

英文摘要:

A neutrino subject to an external, time-dependent perturbing potential can be forced to make transitions between its flavor states. A neutrino with three (or more) flavors can exhibit phenomena that cannot occur if the neutrino had just two. We present an approximate analytic solution for the temporal evolution of a multi-flavor neutrino in response to an arbitrary perturbing Hamiltonian that has been decomposed into its Fourier modes. We impose no restriction upon the number of flavors nor upon the structure of the perturbing Hamiltonian, the number of Fourier modes, their amplitude or their frequencies. We apply the theory to study three-flavor neutrino transformation due to perturbations built from two and three Fourier modes. For the case of two Fourier modes we observe the equivalent of "induced transparency" from quantum optics whereby transitions between a given pair of states are suppressed due to the presence of a resonant mode between another pair. When we add a third Fourier mode we find a new effect whereby the third mode can manipulate the transition probabilities of the two mode case so as to force complete transparency or, alternatively, restore "opacity" meaning the perturbative potential regains its ability to induce neutrino transitions. In both applications we demonstrate how the analytic solutions are able to match the amplitude and wavenumber of the numerical results to within a few percent.

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