z~3恒星形成星系中的尘埃和气体--星系均匀性延长到115亿年
Dust and Gas in Star Forming Galaxies at z~3 - Extending Galaxy Uniformity to 11.5 Billion Years
摘要：
我们目前的毫米尘埃发射测量的两个莱曼Break星系在z~3和构建的第一次完全采样的红外光谱能量分布（SED），从中红外到瑞利-金斯尾巴，单独检测，无透镜，紫外选择，主序星（MS）星系在$z=3$。这两个源的SED模型证实了以前的研究结果，根据堆叠的合奏，增加的平均辐射场<U>的红移，与快速减少气体金属在z > 2星系一致。补充我们的研究与CO[3-2]发射线观测，我们测量的分子气体质量（M_H2）水库的系统使用三个独立的方法：1）CO线观测，2）灰尘与气体的质量比与金属丰度的关系和3）一个单一的频带，灰尘排放通量的瑞利-金斯一侧的SED。所有的技术返回一致的M_H2估计在一个因素的2或更少，产生气体耗尽的时间尺度（τ_dep ~ 0.35 Gyrs）和气体-恒星质量比（M_H2/M* ~ 0.5-1）为我们的z~3大质量MS星系。我们星系的整体性质与在较低红移下建立的趋势和关系一致，延长了过去115亿年来恒星形成星系的明显均匀性。
英文摘要：
We present millimetre dust emission measurements of two Lyman Break Galaxies at z~3 and construct for the first time fully sampled infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs), from mid-IR to the Rayleigh-Jeans tail, of individually detected, unlensed, UV-selected, main sequence (MS) galaxies at $z=3$. The SED modelling of the two sources confirms previous findings, based on stacked ensembles, of an increasing mean radiation field <U> with redshift, consistent with a rapidly decreasing gas metallicity in z > 2 galaxies. Complementing our study with CO[3-2] emission line observations, we measure the molecular gas mass (M_H2) reservoir of the systems using three independent approaches: 1) CO line observations, 2) the dust to gas mass ratio vs metallicity relation and 3) a single band, dust emission flux on the Rayleigh-Jeans side of the SED. All techniques return consistent M_H2 estimates within a factor of ~2 or less, yielding gas depletion time-scales (tau_dep ~ 0.35 Gyrs) and gas-to-stellar mass ratios (M_H2/M* ~ 0.5-1) for our z~3 massive MS galaxies. The overall properties of our galaxies are consistent with trends and relations established at lower redshifts, extending the apparent uniformity of star-forming galaxies over the last 11.5 billion years.
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