用便携式光学钟进行大地测量和计量
Geodesy and metrology with a transportable optical clock
摘要：
新型测量仪器的出现可能导致科学研究的范式转变。光学原子钟，由于其前所未有的稳定性和不确定性，已经被用来测试物理理论，并预示着国际单位制（SI）的修订。然而，要释放其跨学科应用的潜力，如相对论大地测量学，一个重大的挑战仍然存在。这是它们从仅限于国家计量实验室的高度专业化仪器转变为可在不同地点部署的灵活设备。在这里，我们报告的第一场测量活动进行了普遍适用的$^{87}$锶光晶格时钟。我们用它来确定一座山的中部和一个相距90公里的位置之间的重力电势差，利用本地和远程时钟比较，以消除潜在的时钟误差。与$^{171}$ Yb晶格钟的本地比较也是对独立开发的光学钟的国际一致性的重要检查。这一活动展示了便携式光学钟令人兴奋的前景。
英文摘要：
The advent of novel measurement instrumentation can lead to paradigm shifts in scientific research. Optical atomic clocks, due to their unprecedented stability and uncertainty, are already being used to test physical theories and herald a revision of the International System of units (SI). However, to unlock their potential for cross-disciplinary applications such as relativistic geodesy, a major challenge remains. This is their transformation from highly specialized instruments restricted to national metrology laboratories into flexible devices deployable in different locations. Here we report the first field measurement campaign performed with a ubiquitously applicable $^{87}$Sr optical lattice clock. We use it to determine the gravity potential difference between the middle of a mountain and a location 90 km apart, exploiting both local and remote clock comparisons to eliminate potential clock errors. A local comparison with a $^{171}$Yb lattice clock also serves as an important check on the international consistency of independently developed optical clocks. This campaign demonstrates the exciting prospects for transportable optical clocks.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
