Agatha：在周期图框架中从相关噪声中分离周期信号
Agatha: disentangling periodic signals from correlated noise in a periodogram framework
摘要：
周期图是一种重要的显著性评估和可视化工具，用于显示不均匀采样时间序列中的显著周期性。我们引入了一个框架的周期图，称为“阿加莎”，解开周期信号相关噪声和解决二维模型选择问题：信号维度和噪声模型维度。这些周期图是通过应用似然最大化和边缘化来计算的，并以自洽的方式组合在一起。我们比较阿加莎与其他周期图的开普勒信号的径向速度挑战以及径向速度数据集的几个太阳般的恒星的合成径向速度数据的检测。在我们的测试中，我们发现阿加莎是能够恢复信号的径向速度挑战所采用的检测限。应用到实际的径向速度，我们使用阿加莎确认以前的分析CoRoT-7，并找到两个新的行星候选人的最小质量为15.1 $M_\oplus$和7.08 $M_\oplus$轨道HD 177565和HD 41248，周期分别为44.5 d和13.4 d。我们发现，阿加莎优于其他周期图在去除相关噪声和评估信号的意义更强大的指标。此外，它可以用来选择最佳的噪声模型和测试信号的一致性在时间上。阿加莎的目的是足够灵活，适用于其他天文和科学学科的时间序列分析。Agatha可在http://www.agatha.herts.ac.uk上找到。
英文摘要：
Periodograms are used as a key significance assessment and visualisation tool to display the significant periodicities in unevenly sampled time series. We introduce a framework of periodograms, called "Agatha", to disentangle periodic signals from correlated noise and to solve the 2-dimensional model selection problem: signal dimension and noise model dimension. These periodograms are calculated by applying likelihood maximization and marginalization and combined in a self-consistent way. We compare Agatha with other periodograms for the detection of Keplerian signals in synthetic radial velocity data produced for the Radial Velocity Challenge as well as in radial velocity datasets of several Sun-like stars. In our tests we find Agatha is able to recover signals to the adopted detection limit of the radial velocity challenge. Applied to real radial velocity, we use Agatha to confirm previous analysis of CoRoT-7 and to find two new planet candidates with minimum masses of 15.1 $M_\oplus$ and 7.08 $M_\oplus$ orbiting HD177565 and HD41248, with periods of 44.5 d and 13.4 d, respectively. We find that Agatha outperforms other periodograms in terms of removing correlated noise and assessing the significances of signals with more robust metrics. Moreover, it can be used to select the optimal noise model and to test the consistency of signals in time. Agatha is intended to be flexible enough to be applied to time series analyses in other astronomical and scientific disciplines. Agatha is available at http://www.agatha.herts.ac.uk.
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