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arXiv 1705.00568eess.SYcs.SY
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基于V2V协同定位的道路配置影响:数学分析与现实评估

The Impact of Road Configuration in V2V-based Cooperative Localization: Mathematical Analysis and Real-world Evaluation

University of Michigan(密歇根大学);University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute(密歇根大学交通研究所)

Macheng Shen, Jing Sun, Ding Zhao

AI总结:

本文研究了道路配置对协同地图匹配精度的影响,通过数学分析和实测数据验证了道路约束对定位精度的提升作用,并推导了误差表达式。

摘要:

协同地图匹配(CMM)利用多辆车的GNSS位置信息提升独立定位精度。本文通过理论分析建立了评估道路约束对CMM精度影响的框架,推导了CMM误差的闭式表达式,并通过数值模拟验证了车辆数量增加时误差的渐近衰减特性。此外,证明了当连接车辆行驶的道路方向服从均匀分布时,CMM误差可被最小化。最后,基于Ann Arbor交通流数据集评估了CMM的定位精度。本文为CMM的设计优化提供了理论基础和应用指导。

英文摘要:

Cooperative map matching (CMM) uses the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position information of a group of vehicles to improve the standalone localization accuracy. It has been shown, in our previous work, that the GNSS error can be reduced from several meters to sub-meter level by matching the biased GNSS positioning to a digital map with road constraints. While further error reduction is expected by increasing the number of participating vehicles, fundamental questions on how the vehicle membership within CMM affects the performance of the CMM results need to be addressed to provide guidelines for design and optimization of the vehicle network. This work presents a theoretical study that establishes a framework for quantitative evaluation of the impact of the road constraints on the CMM accuracy. More specifically, a closed-form expression of the CMM error in terms of the road constraints and GNSS error is derived based on a simple CMM rule. The asymptotic decay of the CMM error as the number of vehicles increases is established and justified through numerical simulations. Moreover, it is proved that the CMM error can be minimized if the directions of the roads on which the connected vehicles travel obey a uniform distribution. Finally, the localization accuracy of CMM is evaluated based on the Safety Pilot Model Deployment and Pillar dataset of Ann Arbor traffic flow collected over three years period. The contributions of this work include establishing a theoretical foundation for CMM as well as providing insight and motivation for applications of CMM.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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