暗物质的多频搜索：HESS、CTA和SKA的作用
Multi-frequency search for Dark Matter: the role of HESS, CTA, and SKA
摘要：
暗物质（DM）在我们目前对宇宙的理解中仍然是一个至关重要但难以捉摸的组成部分。因此，许多实验研究致力于揭示其性质。然而，现有的直接探测方法，以及著名的费米大面积望远镜（Fermi-LAT）的$γ$ -射线搜索，对质量低于1 TeV的DM粒子最敏感，对重轻子湮灭产生的硬谱不太敏感。高能立体系统（HESS）在改进费米-LAT寻找更高质量DM粒子方面取得了一些成功，特别是通过重轻子态湮灭。然而，最近发现的高J因子矮球状星系的暗能量调查（DES）开辟了可能性，投资更多的HESS观测时间在寻找DM $γ$ -射线签名的矮星系。这项工作探讨了HESS使用这些新目标扩展其当前限制的潜力，以及未来切伦科夫望远镜阵列（CTA）的限制。这些限制进一步比较，我们在低射频平方公里阵列（SKA）。最后，我们探讨了HESS，CTA和费米-LAT对“马达拉”玻色子的现象学的影响，该玻色子是基于大型强子对撞机（LHC）运行1的数据中的异常而假设的。这些来自不同频带的限制的力量暗示了一种利用现有和即将到来的南部非洲望远镜的高效多频DM狩猎策略。
英文摘要：
Dark Matter (DM) remains a vital, but elusive, component in our current understanding of the universe. Accordingly, many experimental searches are devoted to uncovering its nature. However, both the existing direct detection methods, and the prominent $γ$-ray search with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT), are most sensitive to DM particles with masses below 1 TeV, and are significantly less sensitive to the hard spectra produced in annihilation via heavy leptons. The High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) has had some success in improving on the Fermi-LAT search for higher mass DM particles, particularly annihilating via heavy lepton states. However, the recent discovery of high J-factor dwarf spheroidal galaxies by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) opens up the possibility of investing more HESS observation time in the search for DM $γ$-ray signatures in dwarf galaxies. This work explores the potential of HESS to extend its current limits using these new targets, as well as the future constraints derivable with the up-coming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). These limits are further compared with those we derived at low radio frequencies for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Finally, we explore the impact of HESS, CTA, and Fermi-LAT on the phenomenology of the "Madala" boson hypothesized based on anomalies in the data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) run 1. The power of these limits from differing frequency bands is suggestive of a highly effective multi-frequency DM hunt strategy making use of both existing and up-coming Southern African telescopes.
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