放热不是酶扩散增强的必要条件
Exothermicity is not a necessary condition for enhanced diffusion of enzymes
摘要：
最近的实验表明，当它们具有催化活性时，放热酶和快速酶的扩散性增强，并且已经探索和量化了不同的物理机制来解释这一观察结果。我们进行测量的吸热和相对缓慢的酶醛缩酶，这也表明底物诱导的增强扩散。我们提出了一个新的物理范式，它揭示了一个模型酶流体动力耦合到它的环境中的扩散系数显着增加时，在底物依赖的方式进行构象波动的变化，是独立的整体营业额率的基础酶反应。我们的研究结果表明，底物诱导的增强扩散的酶分子可以解释在一个平衡的图片，催化反应的催化性是不是观察到这种现象的必要条件。
英文摘要：
Recent experiments have revealed that the diffusivity of exothermic and fast enzymes is enhanced when they are catalytically active, and different physical mechanisms have been explored and quantified to account for this observation. We perform measurements on the endothermic and relatively slow enzyme aldolase, which also shows substrate-induced enhanced diffusion. We propose a new physical paradigm, which reveals that the diffusion coefficient of a model enzyme hydrodynamically coupled to its environment increases significantly when undergoing changes in conformational fluctuations in a substrate-dependent manner, and is independent of the overall turnover rate of the underlying enzymatic reaction. Our results show that substrate-induced enhanced diffusion of enzyme molecules can be explained within an equilibrium picture, and that the exothermicity of the catalyzed reaction is not a necessary condition for the observation of this phenomenon.
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