初级视觉皮层临界平衡模型中空间整合和反应延迟的适应尺度
Adaptive Scales of Spatial Integration and Response Latencies in a Critically-Balanced Model of the Primary Visual Cortex
摘要：
大脑处理具有大范围空间尺度上的结构的视觉输入。大脑用来实现这一壮举的精确机制或算法在很大程度上是未知的，也是视觉神经科学中的一个开放问题。特别是，在视觉空间的空间范围内，初级视觉皮层（V1）执行证据整合已被证明是改变作为对比度和其他视觉参数的函数，从而适应视觉空间的规模在输入依赖的方式。我们证明，一个简单的动力学机制-动力学临界性-可以同时解释V1的三个属性的有据可查的输入依赖性特征：视觉空间的整合规模，皮质表面的横向整合程度和响应延迟。
英文摘要：
The brain processes visual inputs having structure over a large range of spatial scales. The precise mechanisms or algorithms used by the brain to achieve this feat are largely unknown and an open problem in visual neuroscience. In particular, the spatial extent in visual space over which primary visual cortex (V1) performs evidence integration has been shown to change as a function of contrast and other visual parameters, thus adapting scale in visual space in an input-dependent manner. We demonstrate that a simple dynamical mechanism---dynamical criticality---can simultaneously account for the well-documented input-dependence characteristics of three properties of V1: scales of integration in visuotopic space, extents of lateral integration on the cortical surface, and response latencies.
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