ITER中的旋转和新古典波纹传输
Rotation and Neoclassical Ripple Transport in ITER
摘要：
在非轴对称磁场存在下的新古典输运导致称为新古典环形粘性（NTV）的环形扭矩。ITER的环向对称性将被有限数量的环向场线圈和测试包层模块（TBM）打破。添加铁素体插入物（FI）将减小环向场纹波的幅度。采用变分矩平衡程序（VMEC）计算了ITER稳态情况下具有环向场波纹和铁磁结构的三维磁平衡。在这些误差场的存在下，新古典输运量使用仿星器福克-普朗克迭代新古典保守解算器（SFINCS）计算。这些计算充分考虑了$E_r$、通量表面成形、多个物种、波纹大小和碰撞性，而不是应用近似解析的NTV公式。由于NTV是$E_r$的一个复杂的非线性函数，我们研究了它在$E_r$的一个合理范围内的行为。我们估计的环形流，因此$E_r$，使用半解析的湍流内旋模型和NUBEAM计算中性束扭矩。来自$\rvert n \rvert = 18$波纹的NTV支配来自TBMs的较低$n$扰动的NTV。随着FI的加入，NTV扭矩的大小在边缘附近减小了约75%。我们提出了几种模型的切向磁漂移的比较，发现明显的差异，只有在小$E_r$ superbanana高原运输。我们发现计算的NTV扭矩与纹波幅度的缩放表明，纹波捕获可能是一个重要的机制NTV在ITER。计算出的无铁素体部件的NTV扭矩在大小上与NBI和固有湍流扭矩相当，可能会抑制旋转，但计划的铁素体插入件会显著降低NTV扭矩。
英文摘要：
Neoclassical transport in the presence of non-axisymmetric magnetic fields causes a toroidal torque known as neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV). The toroidal symmetry of ITER will be broken by the finite number of toroidal field coils and by test blanket modules (TBMs). The addition of ferritic inserts (FIs) will decrease the magnitude of the toroidal field ripple. 3D magnetic equilibria with toroidal field ripple and ferromagnetic structures are calculated for an ITER steady-state scenario using the Variational Moments Equilibrium Code (VMEC). Neoclassical transport quantities in the presence of these error fields are calculated using the Stellarator Fokker-Planck Iterative Neoclassical Conservative Solver (SFINCS). These calculations fully account for $E_r$, flux surface shaping, multiple species, magnitude of ripple, and collisionality rather than applying approximate analytic NTV formulae. As NTV is a complicated nonlinear function of $E_r$, we study its behavior over a plausible range of $E_r$. We estimate the toroidal flow, and hence $E_r$, using a semi-analytic turbulent intrinsic rotation model and NUBEAM calculations of neutral beam torque. The NTV from the $\rvert n \rvert = 18$ ripple dominates that from lower $n$ perturbations of the TBMs. With the inclusion of FIs, the magnitude of NTV torque is reduced by about 75% near the edge. We present comparisons of several models of tangential magnetic drifts, finding appreciable differences only for superbanana-plateau transport at small $E_r$. We find the scaling of calculated NTV torque with ripple magnitude to indicate that ripple-trapping may be a significant mechanism for NTV in ITER. The computed NTV torque without ferritic components is comparable in magnitude to the NBI and intrinsic turbulent torques and will likely damp rotation, but the NTV torque is significantly reduced by the planned ferritic inserts.
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