光学驱动的超稳定纳米机械转子
Optically driven ultra-stable nanomechanical rotor
摘要：
纳米机械装置已经吸引了越来越多的跨学科研究团体的兴趣，因为它们可以用作各种物理量的高灵敏度传感器。对这些系统的精确控制有助于物理基础实验的进行。在这里，我们证明了一个光学捕获的硅纳米棒，设置成在MHz的频率旋转，可以锁定到一个外部时钟，转换的时间标准的属性，以棒的运动与显着的频率稳定性$f_{\rm r}/Δf_{\rm r}$的$7.7 \times 10^{11}$。虽然这个周期性驱动的转子的动力学一般可以是混乱的，我们推导并验证，稳定的极限环存在于一个令人惊讶的宽参数范围内。原则上，这种鲁棒性应使即使在室温下也能以优于0.25zNm的灵敏度测量外部扭矩。我们表明，在稀释气体中，实时相位测量锁定纳米棒的压力值的灵敏度为0.3%。
英文摘要：
Nanomechanical devices have attracted the interest of a growing interdisciplinary research community, since they can be used as highly sensitive transducers for various physical quantities. Exquisite control over these systems facilitates experiments on the foundations of physics. Here, we demonstrate that an optically trapped silicon nanorod, set into rotation at MHz frequencies, can be locked to an external clock, transducing the properties of the time standard to the rod's motion with the remarkable frequency stability $f_{\rm r}/Δf_{\rm r}$ of $7.7 \times 10^{11}$. While the dynamics of this periodically driven rotor generally can be chaotic, we derive and verify that stable limit cycles exist over a surprisingly wide parameter range. This robustness should enable, in principle, measurements of external torques with sensitivities better than 0.25zNm, even at room temperature. We show that in a dilute gas, real-time phase measurements on the locked nanorod transduce pressure values with a sensitivity of 0.3%.
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