单电子量子波包的散射相关受激辐射相互作用
Dimension-Dependent Stimulated Radiative Interaction of a Single Electron Quantum Wavepacket
摘要：
在量子力学的基础上，电子波包的空间维度只能用一个期望值--粒子位置的概率分布来理解。人们仍然可以探究量子电子波包的大小如何影响物理过程。在这里，我们解决的基本物理问题的粒子波的对偶性和可测量的自由电子量子波包。我们对电子波包的受激辐射相互作用的分析，以及数值计算，揭示了两个限制。在长波包尺寸相对于辐射波长的量子区域中，人们在电子能谱中仅获得量子反冲多光子边带。在相反的制度，波包相互作用接近经典的点粒子加速的极限。波包特征可以在与辐射波长相称的波包大小的中间区域进行的实验中揭示。
英文摘要：
In the foundation of quantum mechanics, the spatial dimensions of electron wavepacket are understood only in terms of an expectation value - the probability distribution of the particle location. One can still inquire how the quantum electron wavepacket size affects a physical process. Here we address the fundamental physics problem of particle-wave duality and the measurability of a free electron quantum wavepacket. Our analysis of stimulated radiative interaction of an electron wavepacket, accompanied by numerical computations, reveals two limits. In the quantum regime of long wavepacket size relative to radiation wavelength, one obtains only quantum-recoil multiphoton sidebands in the electron energy spectrum. In the opposite regime, the wavepacket interaction approaches the limit of classical point-particle acceleration. The wavepacket features can be revealed in experiments carried out in the intermediate regime of wavepacket size commensurate with the radiation wavelength.
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