相干原子相位跟踪法实现Ramsey线宽的指数衰减
Exponential decrease of Ramsey linewidth via coherent atomic phase tracking
摘要：
提出了一种通过非破坏性测量跟踪相干原子相位来减小微波原子钟Ramsey线宽的有效方法。将两个Ramsey脉冲之间的自由演化时间T分为N个分段。在每一个子段中，原子系综的相干相位都由一个附加的大失谐激光探测。前一子部分中的探测相位用于改变下一子部分中的微波脉冲的相位。经过N-1次相干原子位相跟踪后，最终的Ramsey条纹线宽迅速减小，减小幅度为N/（2N-1）。然后，我们证明了这一建议在蒸汽细胞原子钟。经过5次连续的子询问后，Ramsey条纹的线宽减小到27 Hz，比常规Ramsey光谱得到的142 Hz线宽窄得多。
英文摘要：
We propose an effective method to decrease the Ramsey linewidth of microwave atomic clock by tracking the coherent atomic phase through nondestructive measurement. The free evolution time T between two Ramsey pulses is divided into N subsections. In each subsection, the coherent phase of the atomic ensemble is probed by an additional large-detuning laser. The probed phase in the previous subsection is used to change the phase of the microwave pulse in the following subsection. After tracking the coherent atomic phase for N-1 times, the final linewidth of Ramsey fringe decreases quickly as N/(2N-1). We then demonstrate this proposal in a vapor cell atomic clock. The linewidth of the Ramsey fringe is decreased down to 27 Hz after 5 successive sub-interrogations, which is much narrower than the linewidth of 142 Hz obtained by normal Ramsey spectroscopy.
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