使用螺旋Galfenol线的可扩展能斯特热电功率
Scalable Nernst Thermoelectric Power using a Coiled Galfenol Wire
摘要：
在大多数金属中，能斯特热电势通常被认为太弱而不能进行废热回收。然而，它的横向取向使其优于非平坦表面上的塞贝克效应。在这里，我们实验证明了可扩展的能斯特电压的产生在空气冷却的金属丝盘绕在一个热的气缸。在这种几何结构中，径向温度梯度在线圈中产生方位角电场。将Galfenol（Fe $_{0.85}$ Ga $_{0.15}$）线缠绕在筒式加热器周围，并且测量作为轴向磁场的函数的线两端的电压降。正如预期的那样，能斯特电压与导线的长度成线性比例。基于热传导方程和流体动力学方程，采用有限元法计算了Galfenol线的温度梯度，确定了能斯特系数。一个巨大的能斯特系数-2.6 $μ$ V/KT在室温下的估计，与散装Galfenol的测量结果一致。我们预计，在Galfenol的巨大能斯特效应产生的磁致伸缩，大概是通过增强的磁振子-声子耦合。我们的研究结果表明，横向热电发电机的可行性，能够从非平面热源可扩展的输出功率。
英文摘要：
The Nernst thermopower usually is considered far too weak in most metals for waste heat recovery. However, its transverse orientation gives it an advantage over the Seebeck effect on non-flat surfaces. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the scalable generation of a Nernst voltage in an air-cooled metal wire coiled around a hot cylinder. In this geometry, a radial temperature gradient generates an azimuthal electric field in the coil. A Galfenol (Fe$_{0.85}$Ga$_{0.15}$) wire is wrapped around a cartridge heater, and the voltage drop across the wire is measured as a function of axial magnetic field. As expected, the Nernst voltage scales linearly with the length of the wire. Based on heat conduction and fluid dynamic equations, finite-element method is used to calculate the temperature gradient across the Galfenol wire and determine the Nernst coefficient. A giant Nernst coefficient of -2.6 $μ$V/KT at room temperature is estimated, in agreement with measurements on bulk Galfenol. We expect that the giant Nernst effect in Galfenol arises from its magnetostriction, presumably through enhanced magnon-phonon coupling. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a transverse thermoelectric generator capable of scalable output power from non-flat heat sources.
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