arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1702.04683cs.LG
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边缘设备上的分布式深度学习:通过自适应压缩的可行性

Distributed deep learning on edge-devices: feasibility via adaptive compression

Technicolor(特艺集团);Inria Rennes(法国国家信息与自动化研究所雷恩中心);Technicolor Rennes(特艺集团雷恩)

Corentin Hardy, Erwan Le Merrer, Bruno Sericola

摘要:

大部分数据采掘和分析服务使用现代机器学习技术,例如深度学习。深度学习的最新成果是以密集使用计算资源为代价的。主要框架(例如,TensorFlow)在GPU上或在数据中心的高端服务器上执行。另一方面,可能有空闲CPU周期的个人设备激增;这可以使服务在用户家中运行,嵌入机器学习操作。在本文中,我们提出了以下问题:尽管学习任务会导致流量,但在WAN连接的设备上进行分布式深度学习计算是否可行?我们表明,这样的设置会带来一些重要的挑战,最值得注意的是入口流量,托管最新模型的服务器必须维持。为了减少这种压力,我们提出了adaComp,一种新的算法,用于压缩工人更新到服务器上的模型。适用于基于随机梯度下降的方法,它结合了有效的梯度选择和学习率调制。然后,我们使用将TensorFlow嵌入Linux容器的仿真器平台,实验和测量压缩、设备异构性和可靠性对学习模型准确性的影响。我们报告了由工作者发送到服务器的数据总量减少了两个数量级(例如,191-MNIST数据集上卷积网络的倍数减少),同时保持模型准确性。

英文摘要:

A large portion of data mining and analytic services use modern machine learning techniques, such as deep learning. The state-of-the-art results by deep learning come at the price of an intensive use of computing resources. The leading frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow) are executed on GPUs or on high-end servers in datacenters. On the other end, there is a proliferation of personal devices with possibly free CPU cycles; this can enable services to run in users' homes, embedding machine learning operations. In this paper, we ask the following question: Is distributed deep learning computation on WAN connected devices feasible, in spite of the traffic caused by learning tasks? We show that such a setup rises some important challenges, most notably the ingress traffic that the servers hosting the up-to-date model have to sustain. In order to reduce this stress, we propose adaComp, a novel algorithm for compressing worker updates to the model on the server. Applicable to stochastic gradient descent based approaches, it combines efficient gradient selection and learning rate modulation. We then experiment and measure the impact of compression, device heterogeneity and reliability on the accuracy of learned models, with an emulator platform that embeds TensorFlow into Linux containers. We report a reduction of the total amount of data sent by workers to the server by two order of magnitude (e.g., 191-fold reduction for a convolutional network on the MNIST dataset), when compared to a standard asynchronous stochastic gradient descent, while preserving model accuracy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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