用格点上的QCD热力学约束强子谱
Constraining the hadronic spectrum through QCD thermodynamics on the lattice
摘要：
守恒电荷的涨落可以用来研究强子物质的化学组成。晶格模拟和强子共振气体（HRG）模型之间的比较表明存在缺失的奇怪共振。为了澄清这一问题，我们在QCD的受限相中用晶格模拟计算了不同奇异度量子数的介子和重子的分压。为了使这种计算可行，我们在假想的奇异化学势进行模拟。我们系统地研究了HRG模型中不同强子谱对热力学观测量的影响，并与格点量子色动力学的结果进行了比较。我们表明，对于每个强子部门，良好的既定状态是不够的，以有协议的晶格结果。为了重现晶格数据，需要额外的状态，这些状态要么列在粒子数据组手册（PDG）中，但还没有很好地建立起来，要么由夸克模型（QM）预测。对于介子，似乎PDG和夸克模型没有列出足够的奇异介子，或者，在这个扇区中，需要HRG模型中包含的相互作用之外的相互作用来重现格点量子色动力学的结果。
英文摘要：
Fluctuations of conserved charges allow to study the chemical composition of hadronic matter. A comparison between lattice simulations and the Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model suggested the existence of missing strange resonances. To clarify this issue we calculate the partial pressures of mesons and baryons with different strangeness quantum numbers using lattice simulations in the confined phase of QCD. In order to make this calculation feasible, we perform simulations at imaginary strangeness chemical potentials. We systematically study the effect of different hadronic spectra on thermodynamic observables in the HRG model and compare to lattice QCD results. We show that, for each hadronic sector, the well established states are not enough in order to have agreement with the lattice results. Additional states, either listed in the Particle Data Group booklet (PDG) but not well established, or predicted by the Quark Model (QM), are necessary in order to reproduce the lattice data. For mesons, it appears that the PDG and the quark model do not list enough strange mesons, or that, in this sector, interactions beyond those included in the HRG model are needed to reproduce the lattice QCD results.
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