NICA的最新选定理论发展
Recent selected theory developments for NICA
摘要：
在这篇文章中，我提出了几个选定的主题，最近的理论发展相关的NICA设施正在建设中。在第一部分中，我讨论了新的方面的QCD相图，如可能存在的一个关键端点的一阶相变的角度概括的3味PNJL模型，包括猜想的普遍压力的发病解除重离子碰撞和天体物理学。第二部分是致力于新构建的事件模拟器（THESEUS），这是基于粒子化的前三流体流体动力学代码的伊万诺夫，Russkikh和Toneev，也允许研究强子末态相互作用的作用的第一结果。被认为是在NICA的混合相访问的可能信号。特别是，已经研究了在$\sqrt{s} \sim 6 \dots 8$ GeV的NICA-MPD能量扫描范围内的Au+Au碰撞的重子停止信号的去禁闭和质子逆流的发生的鲁棒性。这种信号也反映在轻核团簇的流动模式中，特别是氘核。在$\sqrt{s} \sim 8$ GeV处的$K^+/π^+$比的尖峰（“喇叭”效应）在当前版本的THESEUS中没有获得，并且要求改进状态输入方程。我报告的最新进展，在发展一个广义的Beth-Uhlenbeck方法的夸克强子物质，其中包括现在的奇异性的统一描述，并揭示了一个新的机制来解释的$K^+/π^+$比由于显着发生的异常模式在$K^+$在有限的压力化学势。
英文摘要：
In this contribution I present a few selected topics of recent theoretical developments of relevance for the NICA facility under construction. In a first part, I discuss new aspects of the QCD phase diagram like the possible existence of a critical endpoint of first-order phase transitions from the perspective of generalizations of the 3-flavor PNJL model including the conjecture of a universal pressure for the onset of deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions and astrophysics. A second part is devoted to first results of the newly constructed event simulator (THESEUS) which is based on the particlization of the former three-fluid hydrodynamics code by Ivanov, Russkikh and Toneev that allows also to study the role of hadronic final state interactions. Possible signals of the mixed phase accessible at NICA are considered. In particular, the robustness of the baryon-stopping signal of deconfinement and the occurrence of antiflow for protons have been investigated for Au+Au collisions in the range of the NICA-MPD energy scan for $\sqrt{s} \sim 6 \dots 8$ GeV. This signal is reflected also in the flow pattern of light nuclear clusters, in particular deuterons. The sharp peak for the $K^+/π^+$ ratio at $\sqrt{s} \sim 8$ GeV (the "horn" effect) is not obtained in the present version of THESEUS and calls for improvement of the equation of state input. I report the recent progress in developing a generalized Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to a unified description of quark-hadron matter which includes now strangeness and reveals a new mechanism for explaining the $K^+/π^+$ ratio due to the pronounced occurrence of an anomalous mode in the $K^+$ at finite baryochemical potentials.
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