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arXiv 1701.07569math.OCcs.SYeess.SY
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数据驱动的稀疏传感器布置用于重建

Data-Driven Sparse Sensor Placement for Reconstruction

Krithika Manohar, Bingni W. Brunton, J. Nathan Kutz, Steven L. Brunton

AI总结:

本文提出了一种基于训练数据提取特征的优化传感器布置方法,利用奇异值分解和QR pivoting发现稀疏点传感器,以提高信号重建的效率和精度,同时在不同应用场景中实现了传感器数量的减少和重建质量的提升。

摘要:

最优传感器布置是高维系统设计、预测、估计和控制中的核心挑战。高维状态可以利用潜在的低维表示,这种内在的压缩性使得稀疏传感成为可能。本文探讨了基于从训练数据中提取的定制化特征库优化信号重建的传感器布置。通过奇异值分解和QR pivoting这两种普遍的矩阵运算,发现稀疏点传感器。稀疏传感在定制化的基底中与压缩感知形成对比,压缩感知是一种通用的信号恢复方法,通过在通用基底中稀疏表示未知信号来恢复信号。尽管压缩感知可以恢复更广泛的信号,但本文展示了利用数据中已知模式进行优化传感的优势。在从面部图像到流体涡旋场的多个示例中,观察到所需的传感器数量显著减少和重建质量的提升。在传感器昂贵时,原理化的传感器布置可能是关键性的,并且能够为低延迟、高带宽控制提供更快的状态估计。所有示例的MATLAB代码均提供。

英文摘要:

Optimal sensor placement is a central challenge in the design, prediction, estimation, and control of high-dimensional systems. High-dimensional states can often leverage a latent low-dimensional representation, and this inherent compressibility enables sparse sensing. This article explores optimized sensor placement for signal reconstruction based on a tailored library of features extracted from training data. Sparse point sensors are discovered using the singular value decomposition and QR pivoting, which are two ubiquitous matrix computations that underpin modern linear dimensionality reduction. Sparse sensing in a tailored basis is contrasted with compressed sensing, a universal signal recovery method in which an unknown signal is reconstructed via a sparse representation in a universal basis. Although compressed sensing can recover a wider class of signals, we demonstrate the benefits of exploiting known patterns in data with optimized sensing. In particular, drastic reductions in the required number of sensors and improved reconstruction are observed in examples ranging from facial images to fluid vorticity fields. Principled sensor placement may be critically enabling when sensors are costly and provides faster state estimation for low-latency, high-bandwidth control. MATLAB code is provided for all examples.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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