小行星挖掘斗轮的优化设计
Optimized Bucket Wheel Design for Asteroid Excavation
摘要：
目前的航天器需要发射所有所需的燃料旅行。这限制了系统性能、有效载荷能力和任务灵活性。一个令人信服的替代方案是通过从小行星或小型卫星等局部空间的小天体中提取燃料来进行原位资源利用（ISRU）。与月球或火星相比，小行星上的微重力需要一小部分能量来挖掘和获取地表以下的含水风化层。以前的小行星挖掘工作侧重于离散捕获事件（取样技术的延伸）或整个小行星的捕获和处理。本文提出了一种用于小行星或小天体表面挖掘的斗轮优化设计。小行星的风化层被挖掘出来，水被提取出来用作火箭推进剂。我们最初的研究重点是系统设计，斗轮机制，并捕获动态应用于已知存在于小行星，如Itokawa和Eros和小卫星，如火卫一和火卫二上的积水材料。对于材料航天器动力学和力学的初步评估，我们假设月球样风化层的体积密度，粒度和凝聚力。我们将提出我们对挖掘和加工的能量平衡与获得的燃料的估计。水的常规电解用于产生氢和氧。它与蒸汽推进相比，都表现出显着的Δ V。我们表明，从火卫二返回地球的12公斤的工艺使用ISRU加工燃料是可能的。
英文摘要：
Current spacecraft need to launch with all of their required fuel for travel. This limits the system performance, payload capacity, and mission flexibility. One compelling alternative is to perform In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) by extracting fuel from small bodies in local space such as asteroids or small satellites. Compared to the Moon or Mars, the microgravity on an asteroid demands a fraction of the energy for digging and accessing hydrated regolith just below the surface. Previous asteroid excavation efforts have focused on discrete capture events (an extension of sampling technology) or whole-asteroid capture and processing. This paper proposes an optimized bucket wheel design for surface excavation of an asteroid or small-body. Asteroid regolith is excavated and water extracted for use as rocket propellant. Our initial study focuses on system design, bucket wheel mechanisms, and capture dynamics applied to ponded materials known to exist on asteroids like Itokawa and Eros and small satellites like Phobos and Deimos. For initial evaluation of material-spacecraft dynamics and mechanics, we assume lunar-like regolith for bulk density, particle size and cohesion. We shall present our estimates for the energy balance of excavation and processing versus fuel gained. Conventional electrolysis of water is used to produce hydrogen and oxygen. It is compared with steam for propulsion and both show significant delta-v. We show that a return trip from Deimos to Earth is possible for a 12 kg craft using ISRU processed fuel.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
