超导自旋阀中的反Lenz超电流
Anti-Lenz Supercurrents in Superconducting Spin Valves
摘要：
在这里，研究了Si（111）/Ta（$150$）/IrMn（$150$）/NiFe（$50$）/铌（$x$）/NiFe（$50$）/\-Ta（$50$）和Si（111）/Ta（$150$）/NiFe（$50$）/\-Nb（$x$）/\-NiFe（$50$）/\-IrMn（$150$）/\-Ta（$50$）自旋阀，具有$x=100$到$500$的双折射率。对于两个样品族，在Nb层的特定临界厚度以上和$T_c$以下，超导Nb层对磁化强度有很大贡献。这些系统在超导层的磁化中显示出异常的磁滞回线;磁滞回线类似于通常从硬超导体和许多超导体/铁磁体混合系统中预期的磁滞回线，但是磁滞回线的方向与通常观察到的磁滞回线的方向相反（顺磁向上扫描场和反磁向下扫描场）。这意味着相应的样品表现出磁化，这与从Lenz规则所预期的相反。
英文摘要：
Here, we present a study on Si(111)/\-Ta($150$Å)/\-IrMn($150$Å)/\-NiFe($50$Å)/\-Nb($x$)/\-NiFe($50$Å)/\-Ta($50$Å) and Si(111)/\-Ta($150$Å)/\-NiFe($50$Å)/\-Nb($x$)/\-NiFe($50$Å)/\-IrMn($150$Å)/\-Ta($50$Å) spin-valves with $x=100$ to $500$Å. For both sample families, above a specific critical thickness of the Nb-layer and below $T_c$, the superconducting Nb-layer contributes strongly to the magnetization. These systems show an anomalous hysteresis loop in the magnetization of the superconducting layer; the hysteresis loop is similar to what is generally expected from hard superconductors and many superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid systems, but the direction of the hysteresis loop is inverted, compared to what is generally observed (paramagnetic for up sweeping fields and diamagnetic for down sweeping fields). This means that the respective samples exhibit a magnetization, which is contrary to what should be expected from the Lenz' rule.
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