天体物理学中的多普勒效应教学
Teaching the Doppler Effect in Astrophysics
摘要：
多普勒效应是从相对于观察者移动的物体发射的波的频率的偏移。通过观测和分析天体发出的电磁波的多普勒频移，天文学家对宇宙的结构和运行有了更深入的了解。本文介绍了一种利用声波向天体物理学本科生讲授多普勒效应基础知识的简单方法。该技术的一个优点是它产生声学多普勒频移的视觉表示。该设备包括一个40千赫声波发射器和一个麦克风。声音从计算机风扇上反射回来，信号由DrDAQ ADC收集并由频谱分析仪处理。当风扇电源电位从4 V增加到12 V时，观察到频谱变宽。
英文摘要：
The Doppler effect is a shift in the frequency of waves emitted from an object moving relative to the observer. By observing and analysing the Doppler shift in electromagnetic waves from astronomical objects, astronomers gain greater insight into the structure and operation of our universe. In this paper, a simple technique is described for teaching the basics of the Doppler effect to undergraduate astrophysics students using acoustic waves. An advantage of the technique is that it produces a visual representation of the acoustic Doppler shift. The equipment comprises a 40 kHz acoustic transmitter and a microphone. The sound is bounced off a computer fan and the signal collected by a DrDAQ ADC and processed by a spectrum analyser. Widening of the spectrum is observed as the fan power supply potential is increased from 4 to 12 V.
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