用量子扭曲双缝实验揭示光子的过去
Revealing photons' past via quantum twisted double-slit experiment
摘要：
量子态是真的吗？这个量子力学中最基本的问题还没有得到令人满意的解决，尽管它的现实解释似乎已经被各种延迟选择实验所拒绝。在这里，为了解决这个长期存在的问题，我们提出了一个量子扭曲双缝实验。利用扭曲光子的亚光速特性，首次揭示了光子在飞行过程中的真实性质。我们发现，光子的到达时间与测量中得到的状态不一致，但与传播过程中的状态一致。我们的结果表明，波函数描述的现实存在和量子实体的演化，而不是一个纯粹的数学抽象提供了一个测量结果的概率列表。这一发现澄清了长期以来对波函数及其坍缩在量子实体演化中的作用的误解。
英文摘要：
Are quantum states real? This most fundamental question in quantum mechanics has not yet been satisfactorily resolved, although its realistic interpretation seems to have been rejected by various delayed-choice experiments. Here, to address this long-standing issue, we present a quantum twisted double-slit experiment. By exploiting the subluminal feature of twisted photons, the real nature of a photon during its time in flight is revealed for the first time. We found that photons' arrival times were inconsistent with the states obtained in measurements but agreed with the states during propagation. Our results demonstrate that wavefunctions describe the realistic existence and evolution of quantum entities rather than a pure mathematical abstraction providing a probability list of measurement outcomes. This finding clarifies the long-held misunderstanding of the role of wavefunctions and their collapse in the evolution of quantum entities.
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