冷原子空间扩散的大偏差
Large-deviations for spatial diffusion of cold atoms
摘要：
大偏差理论处理概率分布的尾部和随机过程中的罕见事件，例如粒子的扩散包。在数学上，它涉及薄尾系统密度的指数下降。在这里，我们研究的空间密度$P_t(x)$的激光冷却原子，在中间长度尺度的形状是厚尾。我们专注于罕见的事件超出这个范围，这主导了系统的重要统计特性。通过一种新的摩擦机制引起的激光场，密度探索最近提出的非归一化无限协变密度的方法。小的和大的波动引起的双分形性质的扩展包。
英文摘要：
Large-deviations theory deals with tails of probability distributions and the rare events of random processes, for example spreading packets of particles. Mathematically, it concerns the exponential fall-of of the density of thin-tailed systems. Here we investigate the spatial density $P_t(x)$ of laser cooled atoms, where at intermediate length scales the shape is fat-tailed. We focus on the rare events beyond this range, which dominate important statistical properties of the system. Through a novel friction mechanism induced by the laser fields, the density is explored with the recently proposed nonnormalized infinite-covariant density approach. The small and large fluctuations give rise to a bi-fractal nature of the spreading packet.
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