在地磁扰动下电力线切换的最优策略
Optimal Transmission Line Switching under Geomagnetic Disturbances
AI总结：
本文研究地磁扰动对电力系统的影响，提出基于变压器热容量和无功损耗的优化模型，通过线路切换、发电机调度和负载削减来缓解地磁感应电流的危害，验证了线路切换的有效性。
摘要：
近年来，地磁扰动（GMD）对电力系统的影响引起了广泛关注。地磁感应电流（GIC）可能导致变压器饱和、热点过热和无功功率损耗增加，可能对变压器造成灾难性损害并严重影响电力系统的供电能力。为解决此问题，本文开发了一个包含变压器GIC热容量（作为正常交流电流函数）和无功损耗（作为GIC函数）的GIC影响模型。利用该模型推导出一个优化问题，通过线路切换、发电机重新调度和负载削减来保护电力系统免受GIC影响。本文采用最先进的AC功率流方程凸松弛方法来下界目标函数。在修改后的RTS96系统和UIUC 150节点系统上验证了该方法，并展示了线路切换是缓解GIC影响的有效手段。此外，还提供了关于最优切换决策对GMD方向敏感性分析的结果。
英文摘要：
In recent years, there have been increasing concerns about how geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) impact electrical power systems. Geomagnetically-induced currents (GICs) can saturate transformers, induce hot spot heating and increase reactive power losses. These effects can potentially cause catastrophic damage to transformers and severely impact the ability of a power system to deliver power. To address this problem, we develop a model of GIC impacts to power systems that includes 1) GIC thermal capacity of transformers as a function of normal Alternating Current (AC) and 2) reactive power losses as a function of GIC. We use this model to derive an optimization problem that protects power systems from GIC impacts through line switching, generator redispatch, and load shedding. We employ state-of-the-art convex relaxations of AC power flow equations to lower bound the objective. We demonstrate the approach on a modified RTS96 system and the UIUC 150-bus system and show that line switching is an effective means to mitigate GIC impacts. We also provide a sensitivity analysis of optimal switching decisions with respect to GMD direction.
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