建立陆地航线网络模型以了解政体间的相互作用（伊特鲁里亚南部，950-500 BC）
Modelling terrestrial route networks to understand inter-polity interactions (southern Etruria, 950-500 BC)
摘要：
古代区域路线对定居点之间的互动至关重要，并深刻影响了过去社会的发展及其“复杂化”。与此同时，由于任何交通基础设施都需要建立某种程度的住区间合作，因此也可以将其视为区域范围内社会互动的附带现象。在这里，我们建议分析古代的道路网络，以了解位于某一地区的城市和村庄的组织，试图澄清这种组织是否存在，如果存在，它是如何运作的。为了解决这个问题，我们选择了一种定量的方法。采用网络科学作为一个总体框架，通过正式的模型，我们试图确定如何生产的地面基础设施的集体努力是直接和组织。我们选择了一个典型的案例研究：铁器时代的伊特鲁里亚南部，一个非常好的研究背景下，详细的考古信息的解决模式和建立传统的研究陆地运输路线，非常适合测试新技术。建模的结果表明，一个平衡的协调决策过程正在塑造的路线网络在伊特鲁里亚，一个场景，以及相关的图片阐述了不同的学者使用更传统的技术。
英文摘要：
Ancient regional routes were vital for interactions between settlements and deeply influenced the development of past societies and their "complexification". At the same time, since any transportation infrastructure needs some level of inter-settlement cooperation to be established, they can also be regarded as an epiphenomenon of social interactions at the regional scale. Here, we propose to analyze ancient pathway networks to understand the organization of cities and villages located in a certain territory, attempting to clarify whether such organization existed and if so, how it functioned. To address such a question, we chose a quantitative approach. Adopting network science as a general framework, by means of formal models, we try to identify how the collective effort that produced the terrestrial infrastructure was directed and organized. We selected a paradigmatic case study: Iron Age southern Etruria, a very well-studied context, with detailed archaeological information about settlement patterns and an established tradition of studies on terrestrial transportation routes, perfectly suitable for testing new techniques. The results of the modelling suggest that a balanced coordinated decision-making process was shaping the route network in Etruria, a scenario which correlates well with the picture elaborated by different scholars using a more traditional technique.
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