活性凝胶流化和活性稀释的分子动力学研究
Fluidization and Active Thinning by Molecular Kinetics in Active Gels
摘要：
我们从连接极性元件的弹性分子动力学模型推导出活性极性凝胶的本构方程。分子结合动力学引起材料的流化，产生麦克斯韦粘弹性，并且如果细致平衡被打破，则产生主动应力。我们给出了明确的表达式的活性凝胶的分子性质，包括非线性的贡献偏离平衡的输运系数。特别是，当活动有利于连接器解结合，我们预测的粘度与活动减少-主动变薄-动力学起源，这可以解释一些实验结果的细胞皮质。通过在分子尺度和流体力学尺度之间架起桥梁，我们的结果有助于理解分子扰动与细胞和组织力学之间的相互作用。
英文摘要：
We derive the constitutive equations of an active polar gel from a model for the dynamics of elastic molecules that link polar elements. Molecular binding kinetics induces the fluidization of the material, giving rise to Maxwell viscoelasticity and, provided that detailed balance is broken, to the generation of active stresses. We give explicit expressions for the transport coefficients of active gels in terms of molecular properties, including nonlinear contributions on the departure from equilibrium. In particular, when activity favors linker unbinding, we predict a decrease of viscosity with activity - active thinning - of kinetic origin, which could explain some experimental results on the cell cortex. By bridging the molecular and hydrodynamic scales, our results could help understand the interplay between molecular perturbations and the mechanics of cells and tissues.
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