非标准引力波隐含着引力滑移：关于部分隐藏新引力自由度的困难
Non-standard gravitational waves imply gravitational slip: on the difficulty of partially hiding new gravitational degrees of freedom
摘要：
在许多广义引力模型中，宇宙学中的理想流体会引起引力滑移。与此同时，在非常广泛的这类模型中，引力波的传播被改变了。我们调查在何种程度上有这两个属性之间的一对一的关系，在三个类的模型与一个额外的自由度：标量（Horndeski和超越），矢量（爱因斯坦-以太）和张量（bimetric）。我们证明了在双度规引力和爱因斯坦-以太中，当引力波的传播被修改时，不可能在所有尺度上动态地隐藏引力滑移。Horndeski模型要灵活得多，但只有当扰动作用量被调整为随时间朝着发散的动力学项演化时，才有可能动态地隐藏引力滑移。这些结果提供了一个明确的，理论上的论点，解释未来的观测，如果他们不赞成引力滑移的存在。
英文摘要：
In many generalized models of gravity, perfect fluids in cosmology give rise to gravitational slip. Simultaneously, in very broad classes of such models, the propagation of gravitational waves is altered. We investigate the extent to which there is a one-to-one relationship between these two properties in three classes of models with one extra degree of freedom: scalar (Horndeski and beyond), vector (Einstein-Aether) and tensor (bimetric). We prove that in bimetric gravity and Einstein-Aether, it is impossible to dynamically hide the gravitational slip on all scales whenever the propagation of gravitational waves is modified. Horndeski models are much more flexible, but it is nonetheless only possible to hide gravitational slip dynamically when the action for perturbations is tuned to evolve in time toward a divergent kinetic term. These results provide an explicit, theoretical argument for the interpretation of future observations if they disfavoured the presence of gravitational slip.
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