高质量X射线双星辐射对早期宇宙的预热
Preheating of the early Universe by radiation from high-mass X-ray binaries
摘要：
使用一个可靠的测量固有的（即吸收效应校正）的高质量X射线双星（HMXB）在0.25-2千电子伏的能量带每单位恒星形成率的现今光度函数，我们估计从这样的系统的软X射线的早期宇宙的预热。我们发现，X射线照射，主要是由亮度L> 10^39 erg/s的超铝和超软超铝X射线源执行，（T>T_cmb，其中T_cmb是星系际介质的宇宙微波背景的温度，如果特定的X-早期宇宙中年轻恒星星族的射线发射率比现在高一个数量级（这是可能的，由于第一个星系的金属丰度低）和软X射线发射的HMXB没有遭受强烈的吸收在他们的星系。这使得在红移z<10的发射中观察到中性氢的21 cm线成为可能。
英文摘要：
Using a reliably measured intrinsic (i.e. corrected for absorption effects) present-day luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in the 0.25-2 keV energy band per unit star-formation rate, we estimate the preheating of the early Universe by soft X-rays from such systems. We find that X-ray irradiation, mainly executed by ultraluminous and supersoft ultraluminous X-ray sources with luminosity L> 10^39 erg/s, could significantly heat (T>T_cmb, where T_cmb is the temperature of the cosmic microwave background) the intergalactic medium by z~10 if the specific X-ray emissivity of the young stellar population in the early Universe was an order of magnitude higher than at the present epoch (which is possible due to the low metallicity of the first galaxies) and the soft X-ray emission from HMXBs did not suffer strong absorption within their galaxies. This makes it possible to observe the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen in emission from redshifts z<10.
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