用理想捕获模型计算高梯度磁分离评价变量
Calculation of Evaluation Variables for High Gradient Magnetic Separation with an Idealized Capture Model
摘要：
本文将给矿看作共生矿物和纯非磁性矿物颗粒的混合物，提出了一种计算高梯度磁选（HGMS）中品位和回收率等评价变量的方法。建立了一个不考虑颗粒间相互作用的理想捕集模型，该模型仅针对分离器捕集效率最高的初始聚集条件。模型中采用以颗粒名义半径和磁性矿物含量为自变量的函数分别描述共生体的体积分数分布和捕获效率。通过在流场分析中加入多丝磁场和设置周期性边界条件，将单丝俘获理论的计算域修改为周期性出现在多丝矩阵中的单元域。利用有限元软件清晰地显示了颗粒的运动轨迹、流场和磁场，并通过插值法得到了捕集效率函数。计算出的评价变量理论上代表了给定进料条件下磁力分离设备的最佳性能。它们可以帮助矿物工程师提前评估或比较不同磁选系统的效果。以高岭土除铁为例，说明了所提出的计算方法。定量比较了不同磁场下的分选评价指标，结果表明，随着磁性矿物饱和磁化强度的增大，高磁场对分选效率的优势逐渐减小。
英文摘要：
This paper regards feed mine as a mixture of intergrowths and pure non-magnetic mineral particles, presents a method to calculate the evaluation variables such as grade and recovery in high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS). A idealized capture model is constructed in which the interaction between particles is not taken into account and only for the initial aggregation condition that the separator has the highest capture efficiency. In the model we adopt the functions that use nominal particle radius and magnetic mineral content as independent variables to describe volume fraction distribution and capture efficiency of intergrowths respectively. Through adding multi-wire magnetic fields and setting periodic boundary conditions in flow field analysis, we modify the computational domain of the single-wire capture theory to a element domain that periodically appears in the multi-wire matrix. By means of finite element software, particle trajectories, flow field and magnetic field are clearly exhibited, and then capture efficiency function is obtained by interpolation method. The calculated evaluation variables theoretically represent the best performance of magnetic separator for a given feed. They can assist mineral engineers to evaluate or compare the effects of different magnetic separation systems in advance. We use removal of iron impurity from kaolin as an example to illustrate the presented calculation method. The results quantitatively compare the evaluation variables of the separation at different magnetic fields and show that the advantage of higher magnetic field in separation efficiency decreases with the increase of saturation magnetization of magnetic mineral.
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