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arXiv 1611.06239astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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Kepler-11是一个太阳双胞胎:通过精确的恒星表征修正基准行星的质量和半径

Kepler-11 is a Solar Twin: Revising the Masses and Radii of Benchmark Planets Via Precise Stellar Characterization

Megan Bedell, Jacob L. Bean, Jorge Melendez, Sean M. Mills, Daniel C. Fabrycky, Fabricio C. Freitas, Ivan Ramirez, Martin Asplund, Fan Liu, David Yong

摘要:

开普勒-11系统的六颗行星是开普勒任务揭示的令人惊讶的低密度凌日行星群的典型例子。我们已经确定了开普勒-11主星的基本参数和化学成分,以前所未有的精度使用极高质量的光谱从Escherk-HIRES(R $\simeq$ 67,000,S/N每像素$\simeq$ 260在600 nm)。与先前发表的结果相反,我们的光谱约束表明开普勒-11是一个年轻的主序星太阳双胞胎。修正后的恒星参数和新的分析将开普勒-11行星的密度提高了20-95%,使它们成为更典型的“膨胀”近距离系外行星。我们得到光球丰度的22种元素,并发现开普勒-11有一个丰度模式类似于太阳的金属丰度略高。我们还分析了开普勒光变曲线使用光动力学模型,并讨论了光谱和过境/TTV为基础的恒星密度估计之间的紧张关系。

英文摘要:

The six planets of the Kepler-11 system are the archetypal example of a population of surprisingly low-density transiting planets revealed by the Kepler mission. We have determined the fundamental parameters and chemical composition of the Kepler-11 host star to unprecedented precision using an extremely high quality spectrum from Keck-HIRES (R$\simeq$67,000, S/N per pixel$\simeq$260 at 600 nm). Contrary to previously published results, our spectroscopic constraints indicate that Kepler-11 is a young main-sequence solar twin. The revised stellar parameters and new analysis raise the densities of the Kepler-11 planets by between 20-95% per planet, making them more typical of the emerging class of "puffy" close-in exoplanets. We obtain photospheric abundances of 22 elements and find that Kepler-11 has an abundance pattern similar to that of the Sun with a slightly higher overall metallicity. We additionally analyze the Kepler lightcurves using a photodynamical model and discuss the tension between spectroscopic and transit/TTV-based stellar density estimates.

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